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You may find other things Apple does user hostile, but they are genuinely pretty good about supporting old devices. I'm pretty sure you can even still sync original iPods on Macs released 20 years later. The iCloud compatibility page linked above shows that it still supports devices released 13 years ago. The latest iOS is compatible with devices from 2017, and regular security updates are released for devices going…
Can't say about 20 years, but I synced both of my 17-year-old iPods to my M1 Mac over the weekend.