Earlier quoted context omitted.
If you google "ford enterprise value" and "tesla enterprise value" you get values of 156B and 86B, respectively. Stockholders are not the only people who have claims on the liquidation value and future profits of a company. Bondholders and pensioners do as well. Market cap != valuation.
Right, those other claim holders represent reductions in the value of the company. If I borrow $300 billion (heh) and call myself a car company, that doesn't make me a more valuable company than Ford and Tesla combined - my net worth hasn't changed. Market cap == (perceived) value. Enterprise value is the COST TO PURCHASE the company, if I'm considering buying it. Like buying a used car and assuming payments: enterpr…
enterprise_value = market_cap + debt - cash
Different companies are capitalized differently - some use all equity, some all debt, some a mix.
Not sure I agree that other claim holders represent reductions in the "value of the company". The same company can be capitalized different ways - the enterprise value for that company should be unchanged.