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and 23 didn't get to vote because they were too young or aren't British citizensThose are also not meant to vote, and rightly so. If you aren't a citizen (or aren't yet), you shouldn't decide of the country's matters. And if you're not an adult, you are considered not mature enough to have an opinion. That's part for the course in every democracy.
In a democracy, "X of the the country wants Y" = "X of people qualified to vote && who voted, want Y".
Even in the suffrage and civil rights era, nobody seriously complained that this doesn't include 10 year olds or non-citizens of a country.
>The problem is that only the views of the 24% that voted to leave, and arguably the 41% that voted leave or didn't vote, seem to matter.
That's not a problem, that's how democracy works. Want your opinion to matter? 1) Become an adult (e.g. just wait), 2) Become a citizen (if you're a foreigner) 3) DO vote (don't stay at home). Else the others who are will determine the result.
The real problem is the hypocrisy. In the sense that all of the above wouldn't be considered a problem if the majority had voted to remain.