Earlier quoted context omitted.
There are plenty of network effects. To start a new ridesharing company, you have to get drivers and riders. You'd have to offer them a ton of incentives to start driving/riding with your service, when the existing options are well established. For drivers, Lyft and Uber have incentives (lower fees) if you do the majority of rides with their service, which incentivizes you to only drive with one service. When's the l…
This is just not correct. To start a new ridesharing company all you have to do is attack and carve off the most profitable element of the big company's product mix. All you need is to undercut them in certain high profitability routes, like airport runs, or luxury vehicles for executives, or anything, and you have a toehold. There are some positive network effects, but there are also negative network effects. Having…
The reality is that both are true.
There are multiple positive network effects at work, as it's evidenced by the growth of these companies.
However the barrier to entry is super low, so competition can be quite high. Like you said, just by subsidizing rides/drivers you will start gaining some market share.
In the end it's all gonna be about who has the most cash and whose efficiency is the highest. Yeah you could hire a promoter and give out flyers outside a venue, but if you check the data, the ROI is abysmal.