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Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

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111–120 of 145 posts

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#111
"If it has legs, it has legs!"

Whether or not you find this science rigorous, it is the kind of thing that leads to a "wow! my mind is blown" a-la so many smokey college dorm room nights.

Similar to the anthropic principle, these concepts are cool but hard to use.

Nevertheless I do like the way this one gives us a new way at justifying the value of 'interesting' stuff that we might be otherwise interested in discarding.

For example: the impulse on HN to discard this research... whether or not it's valid, it is certainly an interesting example of the point of the research itself. If this stuff has legs, it'll have legs. Mind blown? Bleh maybe for a second right?

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#112
post #92

This sounds like nonsense to me. First of all, what exactly do they mean by "intelligent behavior"? I looked in the paper but I couldn't find where they define what they are trying to model. They do however use the vague expression "remarkably sophisticated behaviors associated with the human ‘‘cognitive niche,’’ including tool use and social cooperation." Tool use and social cooperation, sounds interesting. Let's se…

The idea is that these models could be extended to really big complex problems with the same basic principle. Therefore, it seems that intelligence of arbitrary complexity can be achieved with these algorithms. I don't think that claim is very bold at all, it is merely an observation. The idea that the algorithm tries to maintain entropy is very much like life as we know it. Life as we know it are mechanisms that des…

It's pretty clear that we are not the only animals with brains, so there are other animals who use their brains to make decisions, such as how to hunt and when to sleep and so on. We make what is in our opinion more sophisticated decisions, but that arguably is a human-centric conceit. There are ant colonies that span continents, and they aren't building any nuclear weapons. Are we really sure we are more intelligent than them?

I don't think it is fair to say that our brain makes us more adaptable to new environments than other species. Compared to the many single-celled species that have survived hundreds of millions of years, the bacteria that can survive hibernation for millions of years, and our current inability to agree on the existence of global warming, is it realistic to project the survival of our species beyond even the next thousand years?

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#113
post #110

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Just so you know, before I started spending all of my time programming I was a physicist, and statistical physics was my best subject. Anyway, I kind of object to your definition of intelligence as "the ability to predict the unknown". Of course it comes down to personal preference, but I feel that when it comes to making AI, a better definition is something along the lines of "intelligence is the ability to make goo…

> "I feel that when it comes to making AI, a better definition is something along the lines of "intelligence is the ability to make good choices when faced with a decision"." What defines a good choice? What defines a bad choice? Saying "A true machine intelligence is one that makes good decisions" is a tautology -- it doesn't define anything. Rather, it just reframes one vague question into another. Intelligence is…

For a rational agent, a decision is good or bad based on it's preferences, which are described mathematically as part of the definition of the rational agent. So I don't believe it's tautological.

I do agree with your statement that intelligence is difficult to describe. And for the record I never claimed the rational agent approach will achieve "true machine intelligence". Frankly, I don't even know what "true" machine intelligence is or would be. What I am very interested in however is how to create an AI that is capable of fooling a person into thinking it's intelligent, in other words an AI that can pass the Turing test. For that purpose I find the concept of a rational agent to be very helpful, in that it provides a solid foundation to work from.

I'm also not worried about Godel's theorem at all. The statements that are undecidable are very obscure and basically never come into play in human decision making. I think Godel's result has very little practical application, if it has any at all; I certainly don't think it's relevant for AI. I agree that choosing a logical framework to work in presents many problems, but I don't agree that you have to disprove Godel's theorem to create an AI that can think outside the box.

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#114
post #94

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Welcome to modern physics, where physicists do unfalsifiable and imprecise things based on bad philosophy. Anything goes as long as it gets you attention anywhere. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5562156 HNers need to more critical of Science articles. This is where we need good criticism not on some poor hacker's pet project. Edit 1 "Additionally, a company he founded is exploring commercial applications of the…

Your comments seem strangely insensitive, given that I already said that I'm a physicist (and presumably a modern one). As I've already indicated, there's reason to be skeptical when physicists stretch past the usual boundaries of the discipline. (Though it still could make important contributions.) But modern physics as modern physics is, by and large, solid science.

I am also a physicist doing AI. The comment was not aimed at you! I did not mean modern physics (QM,Relativity etc)! That is rock solid!

What I meant was physics which is closer to the Time Cube theory than rock solid mathematics on a spectrum of math and science.

"As I've already indicated, there's reason to be skeptical when physicists stretch past the usual boundaries of the discipline."

There is reason to be skeptical when anybody proposes a grand unifying theory for something as grand and difficult as intelligence!! Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence!

This has been going since 1957 with so many young lives lost (sometimes literally) due to techniques bordering on charlatanism. Sorry to be harsh, I love AI and want it to succeed. It won't succeed if people mix pursuing knowledge with pursuing fame and $.

http://www.wired.com/techbiz/people/magazine/16-02/ff_aimyst...

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#115

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Crick, Hodgkin and Huxley were all physicists This recollection is incorrect across the board. Crick had only a bachelors in physics (which does not a physicist make), and his postgraduate training was in medical research. Huxley, an autodidact, had his background in medicine. I'm not sure about Hodgkin but I suspect he was also not a physicist.

Crick was perhaps halfway into a Ph.D. in physics when the war broke out, during which he basically did very applied physics for the British. After the war, he did a Ph.D. under Max Perutz on X-ray diffraction. Crystallography is very useful in biology, but it is itself very far from a biological topic. Crick wrote of experiencing extreme impedance mismatch when he switched from physics to biology and, perhaps most s…

I would add the fun fact that the applied physics work that Crick was doing was experimental work in fluid mechanics when a bomb fell through the roof of his laboratory and destroyed his experiment! This was certainly a factor in prompting his to switch fields.

I would also add Max Delbruck to your list of turn of the last century physicists cum molecular biologists and the physicist members of the RNA tie club: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_Tie_Club.

I also have a question for the GP. What exactly makes a physicist so? I have "merely" a masters degree in physics, and although I consider myself to be a theoretical biologist, I am often called a physicist by my collaborators (some of whom are physicists themselves). What about a degree actually matters in this descriptive title?

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#116

Earlier quoted context omitted.

the structure of DNA, the function of neurons Crick, Hodgkin and Huxley were all physicists poaching in other fields. In fact, relatively few of the people who laid the foundations in molecular biology were trained as biologists.

> Crick, Hodgkin and Huxley were all physicists poaching in other fields. And Fisher was a statistician.

And Mendel was a monk.

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#117
post #110

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> "I feel that when it comes to making AI, a better definition is something along the lines of "intelligence is the ability to make good choices when faced with a decision"." What defines a good choice? What defines a bad choice? Saying "A true machine intelligence is one that makes good decisions" is a tautology -- it doesn't define anything. Rather, it just reframes one vague question into another. Intelligence is…

For a rational agent, a decision is good or bad based on it's preferences, which are described mathematically as part of the definition of the rational agent. So I don't believe it's tautological. I do agree with your statement that intelligence is difficult to describe. And for the record I never claimed the rational agent approach will achieve "true machine intelligence". Frankly, I don't even know what "true" mach…

I also don't think you have to disprove Godel's theorem to create an AI that thinks outside the box, however, I believe you would have to for it to be a rational agent. A rational agent by definition operates strictly within the domain of a formal system. Thus by definition, a rational agent is in direct conflict with the notion of "thinking outside the box."

Of course any simulation is implemented in some formal system, but that's not what I'm saying. I'm saying the inherent problem with a rational agent is that they maximize utility within a formal system -- that is what they do, that is their entire purpose. Once we start talking about rational agents that can "think outside the box", or think beyond the formal system in which they're defined, we're no longer talking about rational agents.

I agree with your belief that we may some day build AIs that think outside the box, I just don't see how it can be a rational agent. I think it will be much closer to a neural network, or probabilistic reasoning model, or some extremely "organic" or "fluid" device from which intelligent behavior organically emerges. Because if intelligence emerges from a strictly formalized framework, then Godel's theorems prove some very crippling limitations on what's possible within that fixed framework.

FYI there is definitely a connection between Godel's theorem and intelligence, though it may not be immediately obvious. I would highly recommend this as fun learning material: http://ocw.mit.edu/high-school/courses/godel-escher-bach/

Re: Physicist proposes new way to think about intelligence

#120
Unfortunately, I haven't had the time to delve into AI, but one interesting conversation I had the other day we discussed one difference between (current) software and people is that a code duplication checker would miss a number of things a human could look at and recognize as obviously similar, if not identical. Applying things like Bayes can help (to an extent), but the question is, where is the line drawn? If we get a piece of software that can automatically refactor, does that count as AI?
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