Earlier quoted context omitted.
This would work only if you've already given the Camera app permission to geotag your photos, which I haven't, so it may be a nonissue.
It works if you use the Photos app to look at any image with a geo EXIF tag. But thank you for one more demonstration that even the HN crowd can’t reliably give or deny informed consent here.
I actually couldn't get Photos address search to work right in my testing before writing my previous comment, even with a geotagged photo that I just took. So I'm not sure whether I have some setting disabled that prevents it.
The only match was via character recognition of a printed form that I had photographed.
To be clear, I meant that it was a nonissue for me, because I don't geotag my photos (except in that one test). Whether it's an issue for other people, I don't know.
One of the problems with iPhone lockdown is that it's a lot more difficult to investigate how things work technically than on the Mac.