Earlier quoted context omitted.
UI designers are constantly forced to come up with new icons for crazy new features. It's a common practice to look for it on Google images, i.e. "Save Icon", and see if there's a common metaphor. If not, you look for similar use cases - something so that it's much quicker for users to grok what it does. That's the fundamental purpose after all. This was the problem with Google/Android's new icons as well as GitHub.…
Yep, and you have supposed "leaders" like Apple that just give up and stop trying. Apple widely just throws up a button with a "gear" on it when they're too lazy to organize functions properly. And there's no telling what the gear button will do. Even worse is the Easter-egg UIs that are becoming a widespread problem: There's no icon (or even control) at all until you accidentally roll the cursor over the area. WTF?…
In contrast, HN is a text-dominant application designed for text-dominant users...