Like all things in life, there is a trade-off when we choose remote work over on-site work, or the other way around. I’ll share my personal experience below.
I’ll reframe the argument to “can a company be 100% remote (where possible) without affecting profitability and productivity?” Anecdotally, I think the answer is yes.
Culture does take a hit. Can be harder for more inexperienced team members to quickly integrate. It also takes longer to develop bonds with colleagues and “enjoy” work in the same way as being in-office. In other words, working remotely takes all the fun out of office work. But in return, you gain an unthinkable level of flexibility. This is a big deal for anyone who likes to travel/live outside the city/has a family.
So to leaders who say remote work isn’t the same quality, etc. - that’s pure BS. What they really want is to get 8+ hrs from you. They belong to the school of thought “if we can keep our employees in the campus longer, more work gets done”.
That might be true to a degree. Remote work removes most serendipitous moments from work. You won’t accidentally bump into a colleague from a previous team, brainstorm crazy ideas together in your lunch break and create something magical. Which means innovation needs to be more intentional. The culture has to evolve and promote some free learning time and non-roadmap/exploratory work (such as a hackathon).
Anyway, this has been my personal experience working in both styles on both sides (engineer + leader). I don’t believe everyone will agree with me, and that’s fine. However it is safe to generalize that a significant % of people have been very successful at remote work, and aren’t buying the pseudo reasons against it.