I was also single - which puts you in higher brackets than married :)
but ... ~8% in FICA (SS & Medicare), >6% in state, and then ~20% in Fed income taxes (15% on the amount from ~8k-~30k, 25% to where I was salarywise) - comes out to right about 35% total
As for what I got back ... it was not much - maybe a couple hundred $$ from the state and feds combined
$35% is a good rule-of-thumb to cover several states - you may be lower, you may be higher ...but it is a good starting place to back-of-the-envelope think
Today, the Fed income tax rate on $60k is a little over 14% (single filer) - https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/taxes/federal-income-tax-...
Plus FICA @ 7.65% gets you to ~22%
Worst case state for $60k looks to be in the neighborhood of ~9% (NYS @ ~5% + NYC @ ~3.6%)
Which, in this case, does happen to get you to ~30-31% instead of 35% (and is all based on single and/or married filing separately, and nothing special you get to deduct)
All of which goes to say ... 35% is a reasonable approximation (do 30% if you want as a mildly-more-optimistic approximation) of take-home vs gross pay
And, of course, you can adjust this to your local state's rules easily enough - drop the personal income tax entirely in TN, for example
But FICA never goes away (SS drops after ~$160k, but Medicare's ~1.5% never does)
Neither does Fed income taxes
Of course, if you are married filing jointly, your standard deduction will cut your effective rate quite a bit. Add-on dependent children, and it goes even lower.
And every individual can figure this all out for themselves - but ballparking in the neighborhood of 1/3 of your income going to income and payroll taxes is not a bad place to start :)