Earlier quoted context omitted.
Disco Elysium, which I haven't gotten around to playing yet so I have no personal opinion, is the only contender I can think of. The only other game I can think of with that level of narrative craft is the Marathon series, which isn't an RPG, but rather an FPS. I'm kind of surprised Marathon 4 hasn't been kickstarted yet. There is definitely a whole lot of money on the table there, as the System Shock remake proves.
Tides of Torment, perhaps?
I thought it was very good, but also seemed to be trying too hard to do "torment again" and IMO felt rather forced in the process. Also, I find the Ninth World setting to be a bit too deliberately odd, whereas Planescape feels more naturally odd. I'm also looking at PST with huge nostalgia goggles (first played it in my early teens), but played TToN around age 30, so it's far from a fair comparison.