I don't see anything concrete here, and there's a ridiculously false statement that brushes everything away:
> However, no one does High-altitude detonation experiments anymore. ... Since then, we have all kinds of new batteries, including lithium and rechargeable batteries.
There are MIL specs for this, with test systems that emulate it [1], including some impressive mobile systems, from what I've been told. These tests happen all the time as a requirement for some equipment.
The sensitive component in a battery would be the power management IC/circuit. No sane system will draw power from a battery without an ok from the power management circuitry. But, then you have everything else attached.
1. https://www.elitetest.com/mil-std-461-testing