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The big automotive semiconductor problem

asianometry.substack.com

51–60 of 107 posts

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#51

> Automakers found that mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic controls failed to achieve enough accuracy and consistency over each vehicle's usage life to meet these emissions tests. This was especially the case as the car aged. Decades ago, I owned an old Alfa Romeo that incorporated a complicated cam system to control the oxygen ratio to the fuel injection system. More complex than your typical 1-dimensional function…

Sounds a bit like BMW’s VANOS or Honda’s Vtec. Variable cam timing is super cool tech and a huge reason newer cars are so much faster than old cars.

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#52

From the article: > Mobile phone SOCs integrate a substantial amount of function right onto the chip. Why hasn’t that been the case for the car? Because your mobile phone SoC is not certified for -20/+80 degrees Celsius, copious amount of vibration, error-free operation on many environments (incl. inputs with wrong voltages, shorts, etc.), and have a lifetime of 10+ years with the same performance characteristics. Yo…

>> SoC is not certified for -20/+80 degrees Celsius That is basically the operating range of the average graphics card these days. Not many people go sub-ambient with their cooling but no graphics card would complain if they did. The actual silicon is perfectly fine with such temperatures. The only real issue is the external cooling rig, a classic engineering problem that any car company shouldn't have a problem solv…

In low temperatures you start having issues with moisture saturating the air. Things get wet out of nowhere. There are also electrolytic capacitors which are water based so these need to be ruled out as well. Given air has at any given time a lot of water and water goes through a phase change at sub zero i find the comparison quite invalid.

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#53

What devices are left that are fairly normal (that normal people might interact with in a given week), mechanical or electromechanical, have at least modest complexity, and have no microchips? Locks? Guns? What else? EDIT: perhaps an extra requirement that it's fairly durable, i.e. easily lasts ten years of normal use. EDIT2: maybe it should also fit the requirement that it's a current model in production and that yo…

Push lawnmowers, dirtbikes, or chainsaws typically do not have microchips, and they are all quite complex. Also, old elevators often had purely relay logic, and I've heard that it is often more cost-effective to repair old elevators than to replace them outright, so if you live in a really old building the elevator might still be click-clacking away. Then there are washing machines and dryers. Most new models are stu…

Obligatory Sunbeam Radiant Control toaster video since you mentioned old appliances: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1OfxlSG6q5Y&ab_channel=Techn...

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#54
post #34

Earlier quoted context omitted.

In both cases you're well protected against the solar wind by distance and atmosphere in the case of the Mars rover and by the Van Allen belts in the case of the Space Shuttle. But both still have to worry about cosmic rays. Mars's thin atmosphere helps a bit with that but not nearly as much as you'd like. EDIT: I suspect a lot of what lets you use Snapdragons in the rover is the idea of making error resistant system…

That’s not really accurate the sun causes real issues in LEO. See chapter 2 starting on page 9 here: https://commons.erau.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1101&co...

As an anecdotal bit of support, I seem to recall recently SpacX loosing a number of satellites in their LEO constellation because of sun activity

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#55

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>> SoC is not certified for -20/+80 degrees Celsius That is basically the operating range of the average graphics card these days. Not many people go sub-ambient with their cooling but no graphics card would complain if they did. The actual silicon is perfectly fine with such temperatures. The only real issue is the external cooling rig, a classic engineering problem that any car company shouldn't have a problem solv…

In low temperatures you start having issues with moisture saturating the air. Things get wet out of nowhere. There are also electrolytic capacitors which are water based so these need to be ruled out as well. Given air has at any given time a lot of water and water goes through a phase change at sub zero i find the comparison quite invalid.

That's a difference with automotive/aviation products. They will all be in sealed containers and then the actual circuitry will all be covered in plastic. There shouldn't be any exposed metal that could possibly short, even if immersed in water. Pouring buckets of water on a running engine (ie a gap in the hood closure on a rainy day) or even into the passenger compartment (ie sunroof left open) shouldn't do much of anything to a car's electrical systems.

(This is also done for fire safety reasons. Any metal that could possibly short if wet could also ignite a fire during/after a crash.)

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#56

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Push lawnmowers, dirtbikes, or chainsaws typically do not have microchips, and they are all quite complex. Also, old elevators often had purely relay logic, and I've heard that it is often more cost-effective to repair old elevators than to replace them outright, so if you live in a really old building the elevator might still be click-clacking away. Then there are washing machines and dryers. Most new models are stu…

> Push lawnmowers, dirtbikes, or chainsaws typically do not have microchips, and they are all quite complex. Is this still the case for the newer battery electric variants of these tools? The battery itself will have microchips for the BMS, and if those tools are using BLDC motors, those motors will contain a controller likely implemented with microchips.

Obviously battery-powered tools will have chips. But at this time those are mostly still gas-powered.

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#57

Earlier quoted context omitted.

AKA low-efficiency water heaters.

Can you explain? Are you talking about inline water heaters as the efficient ones? I have only seen the tank style in the U.S. So it seems to fit, though I guess you are implying those will get replaced by something better.

High efficiency condensing water heaters still have a tank.

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#58
post #27

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Can opener Stapler Loud-speakers Shop vac

"Loud speaker" surprises me. Are you sure they don't use semiconductors for amplification?

Speakers? Definitely not. The amplifier will, but not the loudspeakers. That's basically a magnet, a coil, and a paper cone.

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#59

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Push lawnmowers, dirtbikes, or chainsaws typically do not have microchips, and they are all quite complex. Also, old elevators often had purely relay logic, and I've heard that it is often more cost-effective to repair old elevators than to replace them outright, so if you live in a really old building the elevator might still be click-clacking away. Then there are washing machines and dryers. Most new models are stu…

> Push lawnmowers, dirtbikes, or chainsaws typically do not have microchips, and they are all quite complex. Is this still the case for the newer battery electric variants of these tools? The battery itself will have microchips for the BMS, and if those tools are using BLDC motors, those motors will contain a controller likely implemented with microchips.

[deleted]

Re: The big automotive semiconductor problem

#60
post #15

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The space shuttle used a hardened 386 (or something similar) that cost a bazillion dollars. The drone currently on Mars used commidity off the shelf chips (snapdragon IIRC). The harsh conditions thing is not something to laugh at, but I also think we might have over-engineered somethings a bit.

SpaceX is also using commodity hardware, but they duplicate it 3x with majority vote for error correction.

do you happen to have pointers evidencing this handy? IS this also true for Dragon?
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