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Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

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Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#11

Post by jeromegv »

gregwebs wrote: post #5

You might wonder how polio gets reintroduced into Israel or anywhere else. The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect. The oral vaccine is a weakened form but it mutates in the neighborhood of one in a million cases to become effectively wild polio and some years this accounts for most of the poliomyelitis cases. On the other hand, the fully inactivated injected vaccine is non-sterilizing: it prevents poliomye…

Yes but the vaccinated would have no one to make sick around them if there isn’t anyone unvaccinated around them. Doesn’t matter as much if we all have the virus, as long as it doesn’t develop as a sickness.

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#12

Post by moonchild »

gregwebs wrote: post #5

You might wonder how polio gets reintroduced into Israel or anywhere else. The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect. The oral vaccine is a weakened form but it mutates in the neighborhood of one in a million cases to become effectively wild polio and some years this accounts for most of the poliomyelitis cases. On the other hand, the fully inactivated injected vaccine is non-sterilizing: it prevents poliomye…

> The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect

Is that due to tradeoffs (cost, health risk, etc.) with other types of vaccines, or do we simply not know how to make them?q

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#13

Post by wolverine876 »

jacobsievers wrote: post #6
stevehind wrote: post #2

[flagged]

Humans remain humans. Blame the systems that amplify extreme voices.

People are responsible for their own behavior and can make choices. You can make choices. They aren't victims of systems.

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#14

Post by gregwebs »

ckemere wrote: post #9
gregwebs wrote: post #5

You might wonder how polio gets reintroduced into Israel or anywhere else. The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect. The oral vaccine is a weakened form but it mutates in the neighborhood of one in a million cases to become effectively wild polio and some years this accounts for most of the poliomyelitis cases. On the other hand, the fully inactivated injected vaccine is non-sterilizing: it prevents poliomye…

This bears some correction. As the article reports, the strain that caused infection was traced from Malawi/Pakistan, where there is still endemic polio because of long-lasting vaccine hesitancy.

The article doesn't say that this has been traced from anywhere. It just says the Malawi outbreak was traced from Pakistan.

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#15

Post by wolverine876 »

ck2 wrote: post #4

> Indications of the virus have been found in sewage samples in the area Oh this decade is going to be insane. We have the technology to solve so much but people no longer have the education and thinking process to use it. Disease and war back on the front burners.

> people no longer have the education

I'm pretty sure we're better educated than any time in human history.

EDIT: Thinking about it, I would guess that we don't have as much humanities education as the prior generation (because it's been devalued), and humanities are what address the questions and problems plaguing our society, the big ones that are too complex to yield to scientific method or algorithms.

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#16

Post by gregwebs »

Fomite wrote: post #8
gregwebs wrote: post #5

You might wonder how polio gets reintroduced into Israel or anywhere else. The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect. The oral vaccine is a weakened form but it mutates in the neighborhood of one in a million cases to become effectively wild polio and some years this accounts for most of the poliomyelitis cases. On the other hand, the fully inactivated injected vaccine is non-sterilizing: it prevents poliomye…

This is also somewhat complicated because, as the article notes, sewage monitoring in Israel picks up polio virus with some degree of frequency, despite there being no recorded cases - there's definitely shedding going on, and it's sort of an odd case due to a number of demographic and geopolitical factors. This is not necessarily something that can be attributed to the vaccine. Will be curious to see what the result…

That's exactly what is expected from a non-sterilizing vaccine. The polio virus will still circulate in the gut of the vaccinated and be visible in sewage, etc even though there are no poliomyelitis cases.

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#17

Post by geranim0 »

wolverine876 wrote: post #13
jacobsievers wrote: post #6

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Humans remain humans. Blame the systems that amplify extreme voices.

People are responsible for their own behavior and can make choices. You can make choices. They aren't victims of systems.

Choice is an illusion, it's all just chaos

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#18

Post by tootie »

Fomite wrote: post #8
gregwebs wrote: post #5

You might wonder how polio gets reintroduced into Israel or anywhere else. The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect. The oral vaccine is a weakened form but it mutates in the neighborhood of one in a million cases to become effectively wild polio and some years this accounts for most of the poliomyelitis cases. On the other hand, the fully inactivated injected vaccine is non-sterilizing: it prevents poliomye…

This is also somewhat complicated because, as the article notes, sewage monitoring in Israel picks up polio virus with some degree of frequency, despite there being no recorded cases - there's definitely shedding going on, and it's sort of an odd case due to a number of demographic and geopolitical factors. This is not necessarily something that can be attributed to the vaccine. Will be curious to see what the result…

Does polio not have animal reservoirs?

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#19

Post by jqquah »

gregwebs wrote: post #5

You might wonder how polio gets reintroduced into Israel or anywhere else. The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect. The oral vaccine is a weakened form but it mutates in the neighborhood of one in a million cases to become effectively wild polio and some years this accounts for most of the poliomyelitis cases. On the other hand, the fully inactivated injected vaccine is non-sterilizing: it prevents poliomye…

Is this where mRNA vaccines can be useful?

Re: Four-year-old Israeli child tests positive for polio, first case since 1989

#20

Post by mlyle »

wolverine876 wrote: post #10
gregwebs wrote: post #5

You might wonder how polio gets reintroduced into Israel or anywhere else. The polio vaccines we currently use are imperfect. The oral vaccine is a weakened form but it mutates in the neighborhood of one in a million cases to become effectively wild polio and some years this accounts for most of the poliomyelitis cases. On the other hand, the fully inactivated injected vaccine is non-sterilizing: it prevents poliomye…

> Most anger at the un-vaccinated (due to the assumption that they are causing the spread) seems mis-placed since those vaccinated by the injected form (that's probably you commenting on Hacker News!) will spread the polio virus as well. Seriously. In what population does polio spread, the unnvacinnated or the vaccinated? In what population are you exposed to it?

> In what population does polio spread, the unnvacinnated or the vaccinated? In what population are you exposed to it?

This is all so weird. An explanation of how I understand it:

Polio definitely spreads in the unvaccinated.

If you've given the IPV vaccine, you can later be infected and spread polio (with a little less likelihood), but won't become sick.

If you're given the OPV vaccine, you eventually will have sterilizing immunity, and won't spread it, once immunity develops a small time after vaccination. But the OPV vaccine itself very rarely causes polio outbreaks.

So the recommendations are complicated. If you're in a part of the world without polio spread, you should be given the IPV vaccine.

If you're in a part of the world with endemic polio and a good health system, you should be given the IPV vaccine and then the OPV vaccine a few months later.

If you're in a part of the world with endemic polio and a lacking health system, the best bet is just giving you the OPV vaccine.

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