Live data from Hacker News

How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

colin-scott.github.io

51–60 of 225 posts

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#51
post #39

An instructive thing here is that a lot of stuff has not improved since ~2004 or so, and working around those things that have not improved (memory latency from ram all the way down to l1 cache really) requires fine control of memory layout and minimizing cache pollution, which is difficult to do with all of our popular garbage collected languages, even harder with languages that don't offer memory layout controls, a…

It’s interesting that L2 cache has basically been steady at 2MB/core since 2004 aswell. It hasn’t changed speed in that time, but is still an order of magnitude faster than memory across that whole timeframe. Does this suggest that the memory speed bottleneck means that there simply hasn’t been a need to increase availability of that faster cache?

the bigger the cache the longer it takes to address it, and kinda fundamental physics prevents it being faster

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#53

Not an intuitive thing but the data is fascinating. A couple of notes of people who are confused by it: 1) The 'ns' next to the box is a graph legend not a data label (normally that would be in a box labeled legend to distinguish it from graph data) 2) The weird box and rectangle thing on the top is a slider, I didn't notice that until I was looking at the code and said "what slider?" 3) The only changes from 2005 to…

I would never have realized the slider functionality until I read this comment.

I noticed the year was an editable field but didn't change the data before I noticed the slider.

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#54
post #27

Amazing performance improvements, except no improvement at all on the packet roundtrip time to Netherlands. Someone should really work on that.

Maybe if hollow core fiber is deployed we could see a 50% reduction in latency (from .66c to .99c).

Past that physics take over, and unfortunately the speed of light is pretty slow.

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#55
post #42

Earlier quoted context omitted.

We probably see things differently. As I understand it, this is exactly the use case for "big/little" microarchitectures. Take a number of big fast cores that are running full bore, and a bunch of little cores that can do things for them when they get tasked. So far they've been symmetric but with chiplets they needn't be.

Yes, for 'computational' loads. I've read though UI/UX benefits the most from fastest response times. I'm talking about the cores which actually draw the GUI the user sees/uses being optimized for the task at the highest possible rate. Then have a pool of cores for the rest of it.

UI should be drawn on the GPU. Absent rendering, slow cores are more than sufficient to do layout/etc. interactively.

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#56

An instructive thing here is that a lot of stuff has not improved since ~2004 or so, and working around those things that have not improved (memory latency from ram all the way down to l1 cache really) requires fine control of memory layout and minimizing cache pollution, which is difficult to do with all of our popular garbage collected languages, even harder with languages that don't offer memory layout controls, a…

It's pretty remarkable that, for efficient data processing, it's super super important to care about memory layout / cache locality in intimate detail, and this will probably be true until something fundamental changes about our computing model.

Yet somehow this is fairly obscure knowledge unless you're into serious game programming or a similar field.

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#57
post #49

Not an intuitive thing but the data is fascinating. A couple of notes of people who are confused by it: 1) The 'ns' next to the box is a graph legend not a data label (normally that would be in a box labeled legend to distinguish it from graph data) 2) The weird box and rectangle thing on the top is a slider, I didn't notice that until I was looking at the code and said "what slider?" 3) The only changes from 2005 to…

It also tells us that the speed of light has not increased. (well, speed of signal on a PCB track is roughly 2/3 light and determined by the transmission line geometry and the dielectric constant, but you all knew that)

Which latency are you suggesting is limited by the speed of light?

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#58
post #27

Amazing performance improvements, except no improvement at all on the packet roundtrip time to Netherlands. Someone should really work on that.

Maybe if hollow core fiber is deployed we could see a 50% reduction in latency (from .66c to .99c). Past that physics take over, and unfortunately the speed of light is pretty slow.

Could LEO satellite networks like Starlink with inter-satellite links reduce the roundtrip time?

Re: How “latency numbers everybody should know” decreased from 1990–2020

#60

Not an intuitive thing but the data is fascinating. A couple of notes of people who are confused by it: 1) The 'ns' next to the box is a graph legend not a data label (normally that would be in a box labeled legend to distinguish it from graph data) 2) The weird box and rectangle thing on the top is a slider, I didn't notice that until I was looking at the code and said "what slider?" 3) The only changes from 2005 to…

What item #3 tells you is that any performance gains in the last decade and a half you've experienced have been driven by multi-core, not faster processors. And that means Amdahl's Law is more important than Moore's Law these days.

Uh or storage and networking? Not sure why you would leave that out, since they're the bottleneck in many programs.

The slowest things are the first things you should optimize

Post reply on HN