In my experience, you are in learn more or earn mode, but usually not both, when working a startup job. The early stage startups offer great learning opportunities: you get to implement the first cut of the system and learn from your (inevitable) mistakes. The focus is on building. But there is no guarantee of earnings apart from the cash paycheck that is deposited into your account every pay cycle. In such a setup, you may run into bad personalities who can hamper your learning goals, in which case it's best to leave. Note that early-stage startups have a
lot of risk and you may end up not learning anything while incurring the opportunity cost.
On the other hand, if you join a very mature startup or established public company, then there will be established HR processes and the likelihood of wacko personalities goes down. There will be better management and almost certainly better pay. The cost is that you will have a mediocre set of colleagues, far fewer learning opportunities and less relevant skills to pick up on the job (relevant, in the sense of landing your next opportunity).
Too much of one or the other will lead to what feels like constant failure. It may be best to alternate between these, accepting the reality that your skills need updating every now and then, and it's best to do that in an environment where that can happen quickly, and money is important and must come at the cost of work satisfaction and learning sometimes. Striking a balance between the two is the challenging part of career management.
EDIT: Reading your post again a few times, I also see another problem. It looks like you have trouble finishing up projects, i.e., converting prototypes into functional product and keeping it running. This is the boring part, and why people get paid the big bucks, and you need to learn the skill of finishing up and keeping the lights on. If you want to learn this specific skill, join a mid-size company that's growing nicely but has an established product or two in a big market. This type of company is where you will have opportunities to learn this type of skill.