Today, alongside Jewish people, US universities want to discriminate against Asian-Americans, who have the same high test scores, high academic achievements including grades, and stereotypes of working too hard; often they carry out this discrimination by requiring higher test scores from Asian-Americans than from white people https://www.insidehighered.com/admissions/article/2017/08/07..., but this practice is illegal in California and under attack elsewhere. Consequently Asian-Americans constituted 40% of in-state UC freshmen in 02019, double their share of the population https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-11-01/affirmat... and this explains why UC wants to drop objective admission requirements like SAT scores in order to admit a more balanced (read "white") student body, provoking strong opposition from Asian-American groups: https://asianamericanforeducation.org/en/pr_20200519/
Unsurprisingly standardized testing increases representation of low-income students https://50.cresst.org/2020/05/20/cresst-recommendation-for-n... because, within a context of inequality, the only alternative to meritocracy is inherited privilege.
This is closely related to why US tech companies, who hire you based on whether you can program in an interview, are dramatically more diverse than, for example, US tech journalism companies, who apparently hire you based on whether you're white: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29277661