Earlier quoted context omitted.
New York's boroughs are another fine example. Arguably the Bay Area is something similar, and I would further argue would be much better off if it were closer in governance and self-concept to Tokyo or New York than it is in fact.
New York’s boroughs aren’t that decentralized, Manhattan is clearly the center with almost a quarter of metro area jobs and certainly not anywhere near a quarter of the metro’s population. Fun fact: Manhattan contains both the largest and fourth largest business districts in the US, Midtown and Downtown respectively.
Flushing, which is more on the outskirts, has grown rapidly very recently and has some massive development planned.
The city is definitely moving in the direction of decentralization, but that could just be because the center is saturated. Will be interesting to see what it looks like in the next decade.