As someone who sometimes shoots medium format film, sometimes shoots digital—I am a bit skeptical about claims that digital “easily beat the resolution of classical medium format film”.
I shoot with a nice, but old, MF camera and prime lens on a tripod and then do wet prints (usually) or drum scans (rarely). Based on close examination of drum scans, I estimate my setup gives images of around 60-80 megapixels. Knock that down somewhat for color. This is a bit lower than the quoted resolution for the film I use, if you read the spec sheet.
Rough comparison of digital vs film leads me to conclude that you can’t just compare the camera resolution against the film scan resolution. Maybe it’s the low-pass filter / Bayer filter, but a film scan will have the same image quality as a raw digital photo of somewhat larger size (say, 50%).
So if you take a high-end full-frame digital camera with a 24x36mm sensor, you get 50 megapixels, and my film setup will get you around the same number of pixels when shooting color, but the film scans will be sharper. The film is 4x the area—56x70mm. So it’s close, and I wouldn’t be surprised if a top-of-the-line full-frame digital camera could beat a 645. But 645 is the smallest of the medium format sizes, and digital wouldn’t be beating it by a huge margin. It’s a bit subjective, because the transfer functions for digital and film are so different and there’s no obvious correct way to compare them mathematically.
That said, digital will easily win at higher ISOs.