PROBLEM #1: High saturated fat diet correlated to high serum cholesterol
ANSWER #1: Serum cholesterol is transferred back-and-forth between the blood and cell membranes to maintain a constant cell rigidity; normal behavior
PROBLEM #2: High serum cholesterol correlated to cardiovascular disease
ANSWER #2: Chronic inflammation associated with metabolic disorders upsets the various regulatory systems
I find the second answer unsatisfactory. Any chronic condition that damages arteries leads to plaque and this, in my opinion, accounts for all the other associations. The arterial wall damage can be due to excess blood sugar, oxidation, or pathogens (SARS-CoV-2?). The damage causes an inflammatory response and extra serum cholesterol is needed to repair the damage (forms the plaque). The chronic plaque formation reduces the arterial cross-section and reduces elasticity which both increase blood pressure.
The underlying cause is arterial wall damage. This can be measured non-intrusively using the Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle–brachial_pressure_index