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New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

spectrum.ieee.org

151–160 of 233 posts

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#151
post #115

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Not sure if you noticed, but Moore's Law died quite awhile ago now.

For single thread performance.

Moore's laws has nothing to do with how fast a chip is. It deals with how many transistors you can fit in a given area.

This can equate to a faster chip because you now can do more at once. However, we hit the frequency limits a while ago for silicon. Particularly, parasitic capacitance is a huge limiting factor. A capacitor will start to act like a short circuit the faster your clock is.

Moore's law has a little more life, although the rate seems to have slowed. However, at the end of the day it can't go one forever you can only make something so small. One gets to a point they have so few atoms to constructing something useful becomes impossible. Like current transistors are finFETs because the third dimension gives them more atoms to reduce leakage current, compared to the relatively planar designs on older process nodes. However, these finFets still take up less area on a die.

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#152

If it ever gets to home computing, it will get to data center computing far sooner. What does a world look like where data center computing is roughly 100x cheaper than home computing?

You could play video games on server farms and stream the output to your TV. You just need a $15 controller instead of a $1500 gaming PC.

:)

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#153
post #10

Given the cooling requirements, I suppose it would create completely impassable rift between datacenter computing and other kinds. Imagine how programming and operating systems might look in a world where processing power is 80x cheaper. Considering that "data centers alone consume 2% of world's enegy", I think it's worth it.

> Imagine how programming and operating systems might look in a world where processing power is 80x cheaper.

UI's will have physically based rendering and interaction.

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#154
post #36

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Imagine how programming and operating systems might look in a world where processing power is 80x cheaper. Just wait 10 years?

Not sure if you noticed, but Moore's Law died quite awhile ago now.

Moore's law is fine: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore's_law#/media/File:Moore'...

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#155
post #18

> We use a logic primitive called the adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP), which has a switching energy of 1.4 zJ per JJ when driven by a four-phase 5-GHz sinusoidal ac-clockat 4.2 K. The landauer limit at 4.2K is 4.019×10^-23 J (joules). So this is only a factor of 38x away from the landauer limit.

> adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron https://youtube.com/watch?v=BBqIlBs51M8

Reminded me of the Rockwell Retro Encabulator

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXJKdh1KZ0w

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#156
post #18

> We use a logic primitive called the adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP), which has a switching energy of 1.4 zJ per JJ when driven by a four-phase 5-GHz sinusoidal ac-clockat 4.2 K. The landauer limit at 4.2K is 4.019×10^-23 J (joules). So this is only a factor of 38x away from the landauer limit.

> The landauer limit at 4.2K is 4.019×10^-23 J (joules).

At room temperature.

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#157
post #32

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Mind expanding on this a bit more? What is that that limit and how does it relate to the clock speed?

It's not about clock speed per se. It's about the lowest possible energy expenditure to erase one bit of information (or irreversibly destroy it by performing a logical operation). The principle comes about from reasoning about entropy loss in said situations. There's a hypothesized fundamental connection between information and entropy manifest in physical law. The idea is that if you destroy one possible state of a…

> The fact that it's only 38x the minimum is MIND BLOWING.

It doesn't run at room temp. The difference is much larger than 38x. It's closer to 1000x.

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#158

Nice, but requires 10 K temperature - not very practical. Once this can be done at the temperature of liquid nitrogen, that will be a true revolution. The difference in cost of producing liquid nitrogen and liquid helium is enormous. Alternatively, such servers could be theoretically stored in the permanently shaded craters of the lunar South Pole, but at the cost of massive ping.

I'm no physicist, but wouldn't you need some kind of medium to efficiently transfer the heat away? On the moon you have no atmosphere to do it with radiators with fans, so I gues you would have to make huge radiators which simply emit the heat away as infrared radiation?

Maybe the stone that the moon is made from

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#159
post #11

It'll be interesting to see if the cryptocurrency mining industry will help subsidize this work, since their primary edge is power/performance. During stable price periods, the power/performance of cryptocurrency miners runs right up to the edge of profitability, so someone who can come in at 20% under that would have a SIGNIFICANT advantage.

If something like that happens it will have far reaching consequences IMO. I'm not pro blockchain.. but the energy cost is important and it goes away significantly people will just pile 10x harder on it.

How efficiently bitcoin can be mined has absolutely no impact on the power consumption of bitcoin mining. The difficulty adjusts.

Re: New superconductor microprocessor yields a substantial boost in efficiency

#160
post #39
post #11

It'll be interesting to see if the cryptocurrency mining industry will help subsidize this work, since their primary edge is power/performance. During stable price periods, the power/performance of cryptocurrency miners runs right up to the edge of profitability, so someone who can come in at 20% under that would have a SIGNIFICANT advantage.

Cost / hash. If power is free they don't care about power

Even if power is free, you still get only a limited amount of it to turn into hashes. Power sources like plants or dams only produce so much. Even if you have bribed a corrupt grid operator to give you 100% of the output from a X megawatt coal plant for free, you're still limited to X megawatts of hashing. If you can turn that X megawatts into 10*X megawatts' worth of your competitors' hashing, well, you just 10xed your profit.
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