Earlier quoted context omitted.
Debian stable (buster currently) is my daily driver. I'm quite happy that I have stable targets of packages to develop against. I'm curious about the type of work you do that Debian packages are "outdated" and do not enable you to continue your work. I've used many different distros but I keep coming back to rock-solid Debian.
I've faced many issues with Debian a few years ago regarding the old packages, one of them was building stubby from source which required getdns 1.1.2 at least, no luck the one in the repository didn't satisfy the version requirement, I tried to build getdns from source but faced an issue with the too old GCC version, I had to "frankeindebian" with gcc and g++ from debian unstable repository. I then decided to switch…
Either way I'm usually always switching to testing about half a year before it becomes stable. It usually already is pretty stable at that point, and if I do encounter an issue I like to report it to give a little bit back, to help make the next stable release a little more stable from the start. :-)