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Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

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Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#41

Soo... Unit testing / CI for math proofs? If it can be done in software, great.

It's actually type checking. Per the Curry–Howard correspondence, proof checking is equivalent to type checking, just for much more sophisticated type system than in an ordinary programming language.

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#42
post #12

Anyone interested in this topic, I have a prediction that the time is right for a new math, that starts from just 1 and 0, and builds every symbol up in a rigorous way. We're working on the infrastructure to make such a thing easier, but the project does not currently have a leader: https://github.com/treenotation/jtree/issues/83

Forgive me, but why is the TreeNotation/jtree library the right place to craft a new "rigorous" mathematics language?

It’s a good question. This paper hints at the reason: https://github.com/treenotation/jtree/blob/master/papers/pap...

First, jtree is a bit orthogonal as that’s just an implementation. The github issue is there for convenience, it’s arbitrary.

The reason for tree notation is that it’s a level up from binary. Binary notation does not give you the ability to define new symbols. Tree notation is a 2d binary. You can define new abstractions. It is a bridge between human and machine languages.

Take any concept in mathematics, such as “derivative”. How would you define such a concept, starting only from 1s and 0s? Tree notation gives you a method to do that, in a way that’s not only efficient (noiseless), but also gives you practical tools, like complexity counting.

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#43
I had these fears about my dissertation work, but then realized that the “elder’s” papers were highly cited because they contained important machinery which could be modified and refined to prove other results... or the paper contained an important idea which went on to be proved in a variety of ways. Maybe it’s different outside of PDEs, but I doubt it.

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#44
post #25

Earlier quoted context omitted.

That doesn’t mean that it’s wrong, it means that you need to read more. In a lot of fields, undergraduate material doesn’t qualify you to read papers, a PhD does. If all papers actually were written to undergraduate level, many would be 500 pages long. Who has time to write a book-length exposition of the basics of their field every time they publish? I mean, have you ever published a technical work? If so, did you g…

Suppose a narrow field where only two human beings can understand. How could the society judge the progress of the field or the merit of a new project? I don't think it is possible to avoid collusion or groupthink in such a field and it would be difficult to differentiate the two. So does it mean we should curb some superhuman thinking and let them explain better to other human being? I'd think so. It is all about ba…

That assumes there is some link to the general public, to the real world. Lots of math has absolutely no practical use, yet. Why bother explaining the cutting edge when even those who understand it cannot fathom how it would ever be used?

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#45
post #28

"I believe that no human, alive or dead, knows all the details of the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem. But the community accept the proof nonetheless," Buzzard wrote in a slide presentation[...] That s 100% clickbait. People knows the demonstration and the demonstration helped to create entire new fields. By the way there are new and shorter proof of the theorem.

Also, that is quite a remarkable and provocative statement given that Andrew Wiles is still very much alive.

Buzzard asked Wiles himself, who stated "that he would not want to sit an exam on the proof of Langlands–Tunnell".

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#46
post #9

Headline is waaaay overblown, but not all of it is total hyperbole -- checkout out arxiv and try to read the abstract from just about any paper. It's basically totally impermeable. I'm almost done with an undergraduate degree in math and basically have no idea what ~90% of the research is about at anything other than a topical level. This is fine, it's written for specialists in the field (hopefully), but damn, for m…

I feel the same way when I look at many of these papers.

I get that I don't have a post doctorate in super math or whatever the bleeding edge academic ivory tower game is these days, but at the same time I feel that if 90% of the research cannot convey any practical description of real-world implications, or at least how it relates to other abstract things that DO have real-world implications, maybe there is some BS house-of-cards fantasy game going on.

From what I understand, there are some financial benefits to cranking out research papers. Perhaps researchers are incentivized to build layer upon layer of abstraction so they can spin any tale they desire in order to turn a quick buck? What better field than math? The purest and most non-tangible of fields.

Another perspective I have on this - Virtually all computer technology or software papers I read are typically understandable to some degree, despite my not having the highest credentials in my field. It would seem the constraint of "if this is in a compsci paper, it needs some reference implementation pseudocode" seems to help keep people honest. If the computer can run it, at least you can view things in a more concrete (albeit still somewhat abstract) manner. Especially imperative code examples. These quickly take very abstract algorithmic concepts and transform them into a step-by-step understanding. If the paper is total bunk, you can usually tell pretty quickly from the results on the computer.

Automated proofs, where feasible, seem like a very reasonable requirement for published math papers. My ignorance at the higher levels of this field fails to inform me if all math papers could be proven automatically, or if there is some more 'complex' realm of reasoning unsuitable for classical/quantum/etc verification. Perhaps this should be a good constraint regardless - If you can't implement your algorithm/proof on a computer, where are you headed with it anyways? Surely piling another 500 papers worth of layers on top isn't going to move you any closer to a practical outcome.

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#47
post #28

"I believe that no human, alive or dead, knows all the details of the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem. But the community accept the proof nonetheless," Buzzard wrote in a slide presentation[...] That s 100% clickbait. People knows the demonstration and the demonstration helped to create entire new fields. By the way there are new and shorter proof of the theorem.

[deleted]

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#48
post #12

Anyone interested in this topic, I have a prediction that the time is right for a new math, that starts from just 1 and 0, and builds every symbol up in a rigorous way. We're working on the infrastructure to make such a thing easier, but the project does not currently have a leader: https://github.com/treenotation/jtree/issues/83

Disregard cranks, acquire Metamath: http://us.metamath.org/downloads/metamath.pdf

Very interesting, thanks! This is definitely along the lines of what I’m thinking. It uses EBNF, i think if we switched it to tree notation it would be much, simpler, tighter, and more self contained.

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#49

Suggestion to rely on AI for proof verification is just laughable. Neuron weights instead of formal definitions. So reliable.

It's not really like that. NN's are only used when searching for new proofs or steps which can be used to fill in details, the verification of a finished proof is done by a classical program by a series of substitutions which are very straightforward and spelled out in detail.

Here is an example.

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.02644.pdf

Re: Number theorist fears many proofs widely considered to be true are wrong

#50
post #28

"I believe that no human, alive or dead, knows all the details of the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem. But the community accept the proof nonetheless," Buzzard wrote in a slide presentation[...] That s 100% clickbait. People knows the demonstration and the demonstration helped to create entire new fields. By the way there are new and shorter proof of the theorem.

Also, that is quite a remarkable and provocative statement given that Andrew Wiles is still very much alive.

I think the intended implication is that Wiles has not read or understood all of the proofs he built on.

If someone said, "nobody dead or alive understands all the details of Windows" I doubt anyone here would find it controversial. It's too big to fit in one person's head.

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