A few years ago I read references to LEA Racks (Law Enforcement Agency Racks) being installed into every NBN POI. I think I saw it in the NBN design documents, but a few years later I could not find it again so who knows.
After getting over the initial shock of the implications, I put my engineering hat on and then it was "of course there are LEA racks, you idiot". I presume when the TIA was written (1979) getting a tap involved filing a request with Telecom who then raised a work order for some department, and it wormed it's way down the management layers until some worker was directed to install the thing. If I was in charge of optimising that process, I too would have created LEA Racks, filled it with gear and told the LEA's "here, you look after it, and try not to bother me again".
I'd be amazed if the process hasn't been automated to the extent ASIO doesn't now have a button in Canberra somewhere they can press to tap phone or internet connection. There is no doubt in my mind commercial forces will mean Apple, Google and Microsoft go down the same road. Someone who had a hand in drafting this bill has dreams of a future where the old telephone line taps will become part of ancient history - it's all done via bugs installed at the touch of a button onto the end users devices.
I doubt their idea of utopia will last for very long. The likes of Russia and China must be delighted with the idea of democracies building a surveillance of the likes they could only dream about, and then handing it to them on a platter by just leaving it in control of just few humans easily manipulated with social engineering hacks, and a few machines they can focus enormous resources at cracking.
That's if it lasts that long. It's trivially easy to bypass now by simply using Open Source. The timing is bad for them as Debian has just added the final nail making that all possible by creating the first ecosystem using repeatable builds.
If anyone is wondering why Open Source is the solution - it's because the root cause of the problem is they are putting control in a central choke point. Compromise that choke point in a way that no one notices you have own whatever it controls. The people in charge believe they can fix that by heavily fortifying the choke point. But as the saying goes, every man has his price, as oddly does every computer and every SIM. If you are centralising, you are making the worth of what the choke point controls higher and higher, then eventually you will hit that price. They have created something that can reveal every banking password, every confidential email discussing corporate takeovers worth billions, all trade secrets and government secrets.
Open source solves that (as indeed did world the TIA was born into with its work orders involving many people) by making the cost scale. Over time there are thousands of programmer looking at the source in Debian - that's why it's called Open. You have to compromise every one of those programmers.