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A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

mrooding.me

191–200 of 325 posts

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#191
post #162

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Seems like an easy problem to solve - every ECU generates its own encryption/signing key at first boot and dumps it over the serial port, which then gets recorded somewhere. This is eventually passed down to the car’s owner in the documentation, and the key needs to be presented before any firmware upgrade or configuration change. This isn’t bulletproof either, but surely more than “hey I’m legit, here’s your new fir…

Yes, like I alluded to it's trivial drawing from any other trusted boot chain implementation. The even better and less user-intensive way to do it would be with asymmetric encryption - the ECU only trusts flashes signed with the vendor public key and to make things even more secure, you could encrypt each flash file server side with a keypair derived each boot on the ECU and sent over the Internet (many manufacturers…

> signed with the vendor public key

That part doesn't sound very secure to me :-)

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#192
post #162

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Seems like an easy problem to solve - every ECU generates its own encryption/signing key at first boot and dumps it over the serial port, which then gets recorded somewhere. This is eventually passed down to the car’s owner in the documentation, and the key needs to be presented before any firmware upgrade or configuration change. This isn’t bulletproof either, but surely more than “hey I’m legit, here’s your new fir…

Yes, like I alluded to it's trivial drawing from any other trusted boot chain implementation. The even better and less user-intensive way to do it would be with asymmetric encryption - the ECU only trusts flashes signed with the vendor public key and to make things even more secure, you could encrypt each flash file server side with a keypair derived each boot on the ECU and sent over the Internet (many manufacturers…

they also dont like tuners because cars engines are often made the same for multiple "trims" so the car with 110 and 160 hp have the same engine but different "map" in the ecu. and only with ecu reflash you can get more power that would cost you x amount of money.

imagine a CPU where 6 and 8 core variants are the same but the 6 core is locked in bios and you can unlock it with some tuning software, its like that.

and manufacturers dont like that

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#193
post #162

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, like I alluded to it's trivial drawing from any other trusted boot chain implementation. The even better and less user-intensive way to do it would be with asymmetric encryption - the ECU only trusts flashes signed with the vendor public key and to make things even more secure, you could encrypt each flash file server side with a keypair derived each boot on the ECU and sent over the Internet (many manufacturers…

they also dont like tuners because cars engines are often made the same for multiple "trims" so the car with 110 and 160 hp have the same engine but different "map" in the ecu. and only with ecu reflash you can get more power that would cost you x amount of money. imagine a CPU where 6 and 8 core variants are the same but the 6 core is locked in bios and you can unlock it with some tuning software, its like that. and…

Actually, from my personal experience in the field - they only care for X. years under warranty. Then they don't care. I actually don't think they have much legal ground on their own around modifications in EU. At the end of the day you do own the car.

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#194

I used to fix cars for a living. Sometimes it involved “cracking” alarm & immobiliser systems. My clients all claimed they broke/lost their keys to their car - most of the time they were believable (car stuck in front of their driveway, etc). Sometimes less so, but I’d do it anyway because I needed the money and I had no proof of the contrary (innocent until proven guilty right?), although given the sad conditions of…

> program new keys Yeah. We bought an old Elantra which only came with a single key and no FOB. I bought a cheap gizmo on Amazon that you plug to the OBD port and allows you to program other FOBs. Modern-ish cars are computers. Once you have physical access, all bets are off.

On the other side, MY2015 Audi A3 8V needs online access for remote re-sync (sometimes the RF part of the key looses sync with the car). So yes, generally older cars are easy to modify, newer not (at least yet). Also the cheap gismo was cheap because it was a clone, original tools are not that cheap.

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#195
post #62
post #27

Reading this article is honestly a bit of a domestic culture shock for me, where does this guy live in The Netherlands? Here in downtown Amsterdam we called the police because the rear window of someone's car had just been smashed outside our office, and the police's response was "Has anyone been hurt? Nope? Then we're not coming". Meanwhile, wherever this guy lives they're sending officers because some BMW call cent…

As an American, I'm glad I'm not the only one :) That said, I thought that car theft was all but gone in the US, at least for modern cars, whereas in Europe it still seems common. (Eg, if you follow international forums for newer car models, nobody in the US talks about theft anymore, but our European counterparts talk about these highly complex theft schemes). But then someone was posting about theft in Sacramento,…

Just got outta jail (again) couple days ago, Vista Detention Facility. Plenty of people were in for GTA (g-ride) or joyriding. My roommate is being bailed out of Banning tonight for joyriding.

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#196

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Seems like that's all you can ask for if the attacker has physical access to the machine. Would be happy to be corrected though.

Not sure I agree. It’s one thing if you get physical access, replace the engine control module by a crooked one that will send the proper signals to the ignition and all the other actuators and start the car. It’s another thing if you talk to the real engine control module (which should already be on alert because the car was broken into) and tell it “trust me, I’m legit, here’s your new firmware” and the computer ju…

But on the other hand, on modern cars that is not nearly enough to get the car started. As OP pointed out, Simos18 was quite conveniently hacked, but that's far from the only ecu family. And usually they aren't hacked as easly/quickly. For example, all that Simos18 "easy" hacking can be done once you have IGN ON, if you have IGN ON it's probably easier to just code a new set of keys, than it is to flash new FW on all related and needed computers.

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#197
post #188

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Teslas have been stolen in Europe, their high value for parts makes them well worth stealing. This is primarily Tesla's fault, as they refuse to sell parts to cars that have been in accidents. Your Tesla is essentially scrap after a non-minor accident, which is why most US insurers refuse to cover vehicles made by Tesla. Its as bad as rolling coal IMO, Tesla has created a massive eWaste problem. Meanwhile, rebuilding…

Relay attacks like those mentioned that Teslas are vulnerable to can also affect most other keyless entry cars. On new Mercedes one can turn off the keyless entry system by double klicking the lock button on the key when locking the car. The car key then will have to have its unlock button physically pushed to unlock the car, and in that state relay attacks won’t work.

One can turn it off on a Tesla Model S/X the same way. On the Model 3 it is a different system so not sure how that works.

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#198

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It's coming in the next generation of keyless systems: https://www.3db-access.com/

I’m curious, why not just proper cryptographic challenge-response? Key sends a “wake up” signal, car hears it and sends a random challenge, key receives it, signs it with its private key and send is back. If the response is correct the car unlocks, otherwise not and the user can try again. Seems like à solved problem really.

This is precisely how it works already, exactly as you described. The issue is that the relay just boosts the signal,so the car thinks your key is nearby, while in reality it's in your bedside drawer.

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#199

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If you had a receiver with a nanosecond precision you can measure the distance to the key with enough accuracy that the relay attack doesn't work anymore. I don't know why manufacturers don't do that yet - I guess the parts necessary are still not available at scale yet? I personally just keep the keys in a metallic bag at night, blocks all signals perfectly.

Is that how contactless payment cards are protected?

No, contactless cards could be hacked in the exact same way cars are, but it's not worth the trouble since you would need an authorized terminal and the most you could steal is £30 - it's just not worth the trouble.

Re: A Dutch first: Ingenious BMW theft attempt

#200
post #82
post #27

Reading this article is honestly a bit of a domestic culture shock for me, where does this guy live in The Netherlands? Here in downtown Amsterdam we called the police because the rear window of someone's car had just been smashed outside our office, and the police's response was "Has anyone been hurt? Nope? Then we're not coming". Meanwhile, wherever this guy lives they're sending officers because some BMW call cent…

You would be surprised how much effort businesses put into building a relationship with local police, that is a big part of a security director's job. The more people they have on site, or the higher their inventory value, the more they are willing to spend on the local PD. I've seen areas built on company property that are effectively police sub-stations, giving cops a place to do paperwork and take a break, in orde…

It is different.
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