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A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

quantamagazine.org

11–20 of 41 posts

Re: A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

#11
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This is basically the TCS version of a clickbait headline. It's a separation of BQP and PH by an oracle. Certainly a nice result, but to put it into context, we also have a separation of P and NP by an oracle. Yet, we are very far away from actually proving that P and NP are distinct.

We need to do something about clickbait.

We need to stop upvoting it.

Re: A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

#13

Can't quantum computers be simulated on classical computers? Doesn't that mean that any problem solvable by a quantum computer can be solved by a classical computer, given enough resources? If so, isn't the headline that "Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve" misleading? I don't know much about this subject, so I'm assuming one of my assumptions is wrong.

> Can't quantum computers be simulated on classical computers?

The simulation gets exponentially slow, to the point that the fastest classical computers we have are not practical for simulating even modestly sized quantum systems.

Re: A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

#14
post #5
post #2

This is basically the TCS version of a clickbait headline. It's a separation of BQP and PH by an oracle. Certainly a nice result, but to put it into context, we also have a separation of P and NP by an oracle. Yet, we are very far away from actually proving that P and NP are distinct.

Any time I hear something sensational about quantum computing, I check Scott Aaronson's blog for the real story. Here's his blog post on this topic: https://www.scottaaronson.com/blog/?p=3827 .

That webpage is the hardest thing to read on a phone screen. Dark grey on black, why would he ever think that's a good choice??

Re: A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

#15

Imagine you have two random number generators, each producing a sequence of digits. The question for your computer is this: Are the two sequences completely independent from each other, or are they related in a hidden way? That, right there, should tell absolutely everyone, by intuition alone, that, despite assurances from industry experts that flaws leading to breaks ( plain-text discovery faster than brute force )…

I'm not 100% sure which side you are taking, but I think you are saying all common crypto is backdoored. That seems like a giant logical leap with absolutely no hints as to why you landed at that conclusion based on your quote.

Re: A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

#16

Can't quantum computers be simulated on classical computers? Doesn't that mean that any problem solvable by a quantum computer can be solved by a classical computer, given enough resources? If so, isn't the headline that "Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve" misleading? I don't know much about this subject, so I'm assuming one of my assumptions is wrong.

> Can't quantum computers be simulated on classical computers? The simulation gets exponentially slow, to the point that the fastest classical computers we have are not practical for simulating even modestly sized quantum systems.

Regarding (a), the approximation can be made as good as you want. However you are right on (b) it gets exponentially slow.

Re: A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

#17

Can't quantum computers be simulated on classical computers? Doesn't that mean that any problem solvable by a quantum computer can be solved by a classical computer, given enough resources? If so, isn't the headline that "Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve" misleading? I don't know much about this subject, so I'm assuming one of my assumptions is wrong.

They can be simulated on classical computers, but in exponential time. In general, you need 2^n bits to represent n qubits.

You can see this in the case of a basic quantum gate, the hadamard gate:

H(a) produces a qubit with equal probably of being 1 or 0 if observed; H(H(a)) will always return the original value of A. Doing this to an entangled vector of qubits, performing another transform, then hadamard again produces a quantum circuit that takes an impractical number of classical bits to simulate.

Re: A Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve

#18

Imagine you have two random number generators, each producing a sequence of digits. The question for your computer is this: Are the two sequences completely independent from each other, or are they related in a hidden way? That, right there, should tell absolutely everyone, by intuition alone, that, despite assurances from industry experts that flaws leading to breaks ( plain-text discovery faster than brute force )…

For the benefit of us with a poor intuition, do you mind walking us through how you arrived at your conclusion?
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