It’s just basic economics. Let’s say you are CEO of a company. Your CFO informs you that you are going to make $1B in profit this quarter. You will be a fool to leave the money on table and give it back to shareholders. That doesn’t buy you anything. You don’t gain any competitive advantage or significant stock price boost (because market keeps going up
anyway). From the eyes of CEO, you are simply throwing away your profit money in to a garbedge bin. Instead, you would take out another billion dollar in credit at tiny interest rates based on your growth. Use all that up in expansions, building moat, acquisitions, long term projects and then show $1B in loss to get full tax credits. Market would love you even more because you are building up expectations for even bigger things to come as well as becoming safer bet by gaining bigger moat.
Taking losses and burning cash to aquire customers also makes sense when mountain of cheap investment money and credit lines are easily available. Remember, IPO is the major event for cashing out for most investors. Balance sheets before or after don’t matter too much as long as you can cross that proverbial finish line called IPO. Once that event happens, you take a dip in so-called “river of money” fueled by massive trillion dollar funds like Blackrock (which are in turn fueled by our 401Ks) and all your sins are washed away over night.
Current economy and business models wouldn’t make sense to people who are still living in past when money wasn’t cheap and companies were valued for dividends they returned. In a way, new way is actually all good. This is what allows taking on high risk bets. Without these models, we wouldn’t have massive cloud infrastructure built up so fast without worrying about chicken-and-egg problem. We wouldn’t have app based taxies available so fast virtually all of the world without worrying about establishment. We also wouldn’t have such massive investments in AI research without worrying about actual impact. All these stuff simply wouldn’t be possible in 60s and 70s because companies would be reluctant to do investments on such massive scale without being extremely confident and diligent. Most likely these stuff would have gotten killed right away. Hype is good. Cheap money is great.