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Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

spectrum.ieee.org

31–40 of 172 posts

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#31
Edit: Great points! Space would be a terrible location for data center hosting, not only due to latency and heat radiation issues, but also due to the difficulty in mitigating solar radiation.

What about putting the data center in some kind of low Earth orbit? Something within the magnetic field, but far enough out to radiate heat? Would the latency still be a factor if your web server and CDN were hosted "in a cloud" on numerous communications satellites?

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#32

I'm all for exploring new approaches, however: a) Salt water is highly corrosive. Wouldn't maintenance costs be high? b) Isn't marine biology highly sensitive to heat pollution? For high latency services like Amazon Glacier, wouldn't it make sense to host in a place like Iceland? Really cheap hydrothermic/clean power. Highly educated local talent pool, and relatively consistent cool temperatures. If you're maintainin…

> Salt water is highly corrosive. To metals. Not so much to plastics. > Isn't marine biology highly sensitive to heat pollution? Isn't land-based biology highly sensitive to heat pollution?

> Isn't land-based biology highly sensitive to heat pollution?

No, land-based organisms comparatively have a much, much higher tolerance to temperature swings.

Water's high heat capacity and conductivity means that most marine environments have extremely stable temperature ranges (a few degrees one way or other), so most marine species are adapted to live in only that range, and quickly die otherwise. Tropical fish are hard to keep alive precisely for this reason.

Air temperature varies much more widely depending on time of day, season, and weather, so terrestrial organisms have all developed extensive strategies for thermoregulation (e.g. mammals, birds). For example, dogs can survive in both arctic and tropical environments.

Plus, while heat is naturally dissipated upward, underwater thermal plumes are more likely to affect fish than above-ground plumes would affect birds.

FYI, Cornell uses lake water to cool several campus buildings, and they needed to carefully review that the warmer return water wouldn't negatively affect fish [1].

[1] https://energyandsustainability.fs.cornell.edu/util/cooling/...

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#33

Edit: Great points! Space would be a terrible location for data center hosting, not only due to latency and heat radiation issues, but also due to the difficulty in mitigating solar radiation. What about putting the data center in some kind of low Earth orbit? Something within the magnetic field, but far enough out to radiate heat? Would the latency still be a factor if your web server and CDN were hosted "in a cloud…

I'm pretty sure dissipating heat is harder in space since you don't have a relatively cool medium like air or water to dump the heat into.

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#34

Edit: Great points! Space would be a terrible location for data center hosting, not only due to latency and heat radiation issues, but also due to the difficulty in mitigating solar radiation. What about putting the data center in some kind of low Earth orbit? Something within the magnetic field, but far enough out to radiate heat? Would the latency still be a factor if your web server and CDN were hosted "in a cloud…

That sounds like just about the worst place to put a datacenter. Getting just a single kilogram to orbit costs about $2000 at its absolute cheapest, so I can think of no better way to send deployment costs through the roof. On top of that, space is bad for heat exchange because there's no convective cooling.

Also cosmic rays will wreck havoc on all your delicate silicon chips.

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#35
post #6

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The pod is sealed, it doesn't even have oxygen inside.

And how does data get into this data center? Where is the power comming from? All those connections still must go through penetrations. It can be done, i just question the worth.

Power from a seabed cable or nearby offshore power. Data by the same cable. Sealing a cable or a small container is not hard to do at all.

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#36

Edit: Great points! Space would be a terrible location for data center hosting, not only due to latency and heat radiation issues, but also due to the difficulty in mitigating solar radiation. What about putting the data center in some kind of low Earth orbit? Something within the magnetic field, but far enough out to radiate heat? Would the latency still be a factor if your web server and CDN were hosted "in a cloud…

Someone correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe that radiating heat is actually really hard in space. It seems counter intuitive, because space is so cold, but it's mostly a vacuum.

To transfer heat, you need a medium for the heat to transfer through. I believe some heat can be lost due to radiation, and so they have these big metal fins as heat sinks to radiate as much heat as possible, and reflective material on the solar facing side to prevent more heat from being absorbed.

The water, on the other hand, is a fantastic absorber of heat, and I'm guessing it's easier to drop one in the ocean, rather than launch one to space.

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#37

I'm all for exploring new approaches, however: a) Salt water is highly corrosive. Wouldn't maintenance costs be high? b) Isn't marine biology highly sensitive to heat pollution? For high latency services like Amazon Glacier, wouldn't it make sense to host in a place like Iceland? Really cheap hydrothermic/clean power. Highly educated local talent pool, and relatively consistent cool temperatures. If you're maintainin…

For a, you can put a sacrificial anode on the frame. Given that the rate of corrosion should be known, the size of it can be calculated to however long the pod is expected to be in service.

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#38
post #20

Earlier quoted context omitted.

And how does data get into this data center? Where is the power comming from? All those connections still must go through penetrations. It can be done, i just question the worth.

Penetrations are not necessary. It is possible to use electromagnetic radiation to transfer both data and power.

EM isn't going to travel very well or very far through water. You would want something exposed on the surface, and preferably in very close proximity. Every time you transform power, you're going to incur losses.

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#39
post #23

The article mentions that one of the benefits is that they don't have to deal with building codes being different in different places. It's truly an "off the shelf" data center that doesn't have to be customized for the laws, zoning, and codes in that area. But who is in charge of the seabed around the United States? I imagine that I can't just drop a big metal container on the ocean floor without informing someone o…

But what about global warming ? Wouldn't rising water levels be a big threat to such experiments ?

Let's say climate change gets absolutely horrific, and we see a 1m rise in sea levels over the course of a pod's 10 year lifespan. So your underwater datacenter pod, originally deployed 200m below the surface, is now at 201m. Somehow I don't think this would be an enormous problem.

Re: Want an energy efficient datacenter? Build it underwater

#40
This is cool and all, but salt water is basically cancer. If you want to experience first hand entropy at a rapidly accelerated rate, buy a boat and moor it in salt water. With all of the associated repair/maintenance costs and headaches that go with it. Now add electronics and server equipment.

There are ways to use cold water for cooling without submersing things. Many of the buildings in downtown Toronto (including the 151 Front IX point and datacenter) are cooled from deep lake loop cooling/heat exchange: https://www.google.com/search?q=toronto+deep+lake+cooling&ie...

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