Earlier quoted context omitted.
Finally, they alter the hydrology of wet areas in which they live, connecting existing water sources and separating others depending on their seasonal movement patterns. https://bioventures.wordpress.com/2013/09/22/keystone-specie... From what I have read, swamps tend to fill in over time and turn into solid land -- unless there are alligators.
Mz: "From what I have read, swamps tend to fill in over time and turn into solid land -- unless there are alligators." Swamps abound in lands with no alligators whatsoever. In places where there are alligators, they can serve as an indicator species or keystone species for ecological studies. Certainly they alter their environment and create niches for other species, but they aren't necessary for swamps and they don'…
Yes, that is what I meant. They alter their environment.
I didn't intend to suggest that if you stick alligators in a non-swampy area, they create swamps by their very presence.
Removing alligators from certain swamps would, in fact, significantly impact the swamp and make it much more likely to revert to solid land over time. Here are a few things my son looked up for me just this morning because we were discussing the topic:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alligator
In 'Habitat' we have:
"When [Alligators] construct alligator holes in the wetlands, they increase plant diversity and provide habitat for other animals during droughts."
"Further west, in Louisiana, heavy grazing by coypu and muskrat are causing severe damage to coastal wetlands. Large alligators feed extensively on coypu, and provide a vital ecological service by reducing coypu numbers."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_alligator
At the very top of the page we have
"They play an important role as ecosystem engineers in wetland ecosystems through the creation of alligator holes, which provide both wet and dry habitats for other organisms."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem_engineer
Down in "ecology and behavior" for American Alligator, we have
"Alligators modify wetland habitats, most dramatically in flat areas such as the Everglades, by constructing small ponds known as alligator holes. This behavior has qualified the American alligator to be considered a keystone species. Alligator holes retain water during the dry season and provide a refuge for aquatic organisms. Aquatic organisms that survive the dry season by seeking refuge in alligator holes are a source of future populations. The construction of nests along the periphery of alligator holes, as well as a buildup of soils during the excavation process, provide drier areas for other reptiles to nest and a place for plants that are intolerant of inundation to colonize. Alligator holes are an oasis during the Everglades dry season, so are consequently important foraging sites for other organisms. In the limestone depressions of cypress swamps, alligator holes tend to be large and deep, while those in marl prairies and rocky glades are usually small and shallow, and those in peat depressions of ridge and slough wetlands are more variable."
and
"Alligators also may control the long-term vegetation dynamics in wetlands by reducing the population of small mammals, particularly coypu, which may otherwise overgraze marsh vegetation. In this way, the vital ecological service they provide may be important in reducing rates of coastal wetland losses in Louisiana. They may provide a protection service for water birds nesting on islands in freshwater wetlands. Alligators prevent predatory mammals from reaching island-based rookeries and in return eat spilled food and birds that fall from their nests."
So basically, alligators dig holes, and this does a bunch of important things, and also they eat one of the main animals that would otherwise destroy wetlands.