Loneliness comes from a lack of community and people who you can trust. You will not build a community and find people who you can trust through small talk and involving yourself in groups that are based on transient interests that can be changed in an instant. There is a reason gangs and groups have some sort of hazing and acceptance ceremony.
But can you make real connections without small talk first?
when you play boardgames you talk to learn the rules of the game and you use the player interactions that make up the game.
when you volunteer you talk about the work needs to be done.
any hobbies or sports you talk about how to do things.
you make connections by frequently interacting with the same people. do it long enough, be a reliable helper, and you'll make friends.