I can see why universities want to use a system like this. A friend of mine is a University lecturer for physics and one of his students gave him an invite to the discord channel where half his students are in there sharing all the answers during the final exam. He basically told me there is nothing he can do about it. He talked to the head of department and they basically said if you have proof of specific people ch…
Even for people who have cheated in a very obvious way, nothing is done. A friend of mine copied an assignment right down to the name and student number as he didn't even bother to read the whole block of code so also copied the comments with the submission information. He got 100%, but was told not to do it again.
My experience as a TA are quite different, though this in in Europe. Especially with the algorithmic courses there was quite a lot of copying since there were multiple TA's and they thought we didn't compare notes. Several of them got reported (you get a mark, two marks is suspension, three is out) and I know of at least one case who got caught again at a different course and was suspended.
For a programming course for first year engineering students we didn't care they copied each others code but just asked students to explain specific parts of the programs they handed in. Those who copied failed mostly instantly and got one retry, and most at least tried to understand what it was about after that. Though copy/pasting and not even changing the student's ID numbers was an instant fail.