A similar method of helping the impoverished, one which has strong support among at least some economists (and maybe more widely), is cash transfers directly to the people who need it. That is, don't fund a service for those in need, fund the people directly and they can buy what they need. GiveDirectly is a leading implementation of this idea: https://www.givedirectly.org/ It was founded by economists, and their blo…
I argue, albeit inexpertly, that TARP money given directly to homeowners to make payments on their toxic mortgages would have been of infinitely better societal good than handing b(tr?)illions to banks without any oversight at all. But you are morally bankrupt for taking out a mortgage difficult for you to pay. The bank, however, doesn't have such moral failings for they are not people. Wait...
http://projects.propublica.org/bailout/
The best way to look at TARP is as a preservation of the status quo. Whether that was the right thing or not, given how many people have investment assets that are exposed to banking and insurance, the benefits were a lot wider than just to the banking system.
Also there were mortgage relief programs that come out of the bailout:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Affordable_Modification_Pr...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Affordable_Refinance_Progr...
They didn't just make mortgage payments though.