Now for a small elephant which entered the room: the article recites that it would be > worth mentioning that the white-box / black-box terminology is in itself part of a long history of racially coded terms in science; researchers have pushed to change "blacklist" to "blocklist," for example Very plainly, the idea of "black-box" comes from the clear, basic and original, notion and experience that "in the dark, you c…
Black box was actually a literal non-reflective black box inside an airplane that housed secret tech. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_recorder#:~:text=The%20... .
Of course it was, but the expression stands because of the opacity implied by 'black'. The [original] box contains secrets - it may even be rigged -, or anyway very complex technology, state of the art, just developed or evolved, especially difficult to understand - you do not know how it works. It is black, and that "black" is significant in many ways.
(And of course, a "flight recorder" is not the same thing: it is a specific function - not of the most esoteric - of the original pack of potential embedded technologies, which inherited the name. The radar, for example, becomes "mainstream", while the recorder remains "boxed" because you want it protected for "emergential witnessing".)