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What are imaginary numbers?

math.stackexchange.com

21–30 of 143 posts

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#21
post #2

The title statement is meaningless. "Imaginary numbers" are not "multiply" by "90°". What does it even mean to "multiply" by an angle? Correct statement: "*i is equivalent to a 90° rotation in some contexts." Which is kind of obvious to anybody who has done some maths or physics at some point?

No it's not. i is a number such that i^2 = -1 by definition.

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#22
post #18

Why does (-1)*(-1)=(+1) ? It is arbitrary, and there really is no good reason. We could construct number lines that work differently, so that imaginary numbers never appear. Such alternative number lines would still allow us to solve the exact same physics and engineering problems. Sure, the computations would work differently, but the way we would measure and use the initial conditions in our equations would be diff…

EDIT: I proved the wrong thing. Correct proof is in post below.

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#23
post #18

Why does (-1)*(-1)=(+1) ? It is arbitrary, and there really is no good reason. We could construct number lines that work differently, so that imaginary numbers never appear. Such alternative number lines would still allow us to solve the exact same physics and engineering problems. Sure, the computations would work differently, but the way we would measure and use the initial conditions in our equations would be diff…

[deleted]

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#25
I don't think I quite followed the step where he/she writes "i^4 = 1", where they are relating rotation and the natural numbers. The RHS is theoretically the concept "identity under rotation". Why should it be be the same as the natural number 1?

Maybe I missed something in the explanation. Can somebody explain?

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#27

I don't think I quite followed the step where he/she writes "i^4 = 1", where they are relating rotation and the natural numbers. The RHS is theoretically the concept "identity under rotation". Why should it be be the same as the natural number 1? Maybe I missed something in the explanation. Can somebody explain?

There is an implicit start from the unit vector 1. i (really 1 * i) is a 90° rotation of that. i^4 is four 90° rotations. Rotate anything four times and you've rotated it 360°, ending up where you started at 1.

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#28

I don't think I quite followed the step where he/she writes "i^4 = 1", where they are relating rotation and the natural numbers. The RHS is theoretically the concept "identity under rotation". Why should it be be the same as the natural number 1? Maybe I missed something in the explanation. Can somebody explain?

* i = sqrt(-1)

* i * i = i^2 = sqrt(-1) * sqrt(-1) = -1

..

i^4 = i^2 * i^2 = -1 * -1 = 1

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#29
post #18

Why does (-1)*(-1)=(+1) ? It is arbitrary, and there really is no good reason. We could construct number lines that work differently, so that imaginary numbers never appear. Such alternative number lines would still allow us to solve the exact same physics and engineering problems. Sure, the computations would work differently, but the way we would measure and use the initial conditions in our equations would be diff…

It's not arbitrary. It comes directly from the axiomatics.

Re: What are imaginary numbers?

#30
post #18

Why does (-1)*(-1)=(+1) ? It is arbitrary, and there really is no good reason. We could construct number lines that work differently, so that imaginary numbers never appear. Such alternative number lines would still allow us to solve the exact same physics and engineering problems. Sure, the computations would work differently, but the way we would measure and use the initial conditions in our equations would be diff…

It's not arbitrary. It comes directly from the axiomatics.

Axiomatics are entirely arbitrary if you will. Thats the whole point: I restrict myself to some basic rules only because that allows me to show other potentially useful things, consequences and applications.
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