I traveled many post-Soviet countries in the past years with my old camping car. My personal impressions in Kazakhstan were frightening. A deeply corrupt state, much worse than Russia. Aggressive armed bandits in police uniform tried to rob me several times. Kazakhstan is true mafia state where every part of the regime tries to enrich itself at the expanse of the people. In contrast to the rich oil elite there are th…
It's certainly not "backed by the west". These dictatorships exists because they allow the elites to exchange the profits from the sale of natural resources in exchange for dollars and euros. That money then flows into western equities, bonds and real estate. It's the (western) dependence on these natural resources that enables the regimes not the backing by the governments.
- take away (arrest, freeze, whatever) the elite's real estate in the west
- same thing with other assets, banc accounts etc
- ban them from living in the west or going to the west on vacation, for medical treatment.
- ban their families from living in the west, their kids from studying there.
this is not my idea, you will find similar suggestions a hundred times in different forms on the Russian-speaking internet.
maybe there is no legal base right now to do it as described, but the alternative is broad sanctions that hit the small people harder then regime collaborators.
edit: formatting