The problem is that you have to take them often to colonize your gut, so it becomes a bit expensive, and it won't work on everyone, depending on their gut (since scientists know too little about the gut).
My hypothesis is that probiotics also need to be paired with the right diet. Bacteria needs to be fed, and needs to compete with the existing gut flora. If conditions aren't right, then they may never get a foothold.
1. https://www.monash.edu/medicine/ccs/gastroenterology/prebiot...