Earlier quoted context omitted.
I am not sure I understand. You can't major in math and teach middle school math. You have to major in education to teach middle school math.
No you don't. You only need a Bachelor's degree, state certification, and certification that you are qualified to teach the subject area at the level you want. The Education degree exists for people who want to teach but do not want to delve into the depths of a particular subject that a degree in it would require.
According to the data, they are giving waivers so you don't need the certification. This happens at rural and poor schools most often.