Read up on Composer and Packagist. It's basically NPM, Gems, or PyPi for PHP. There are now solid interoperable libraries for most common tasks.
Laravel is a great framework, but quite a bit of what's out there seems to be built on the Symfony foundation.
There are also great coding guidelines and tools that are evolving. The PHP Framework Interoperability Group has produced some solid coding standards and tooling has followed.
WordPress...it makes me sad. But it's ubiquitous. If you're stuck doing WP work, take a look at the Roots project. It's a sane, modern approach with good tooling.