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A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

quantamagazine.org

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Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#71
post #36

So I think this is more a philosophical question but ... As humans, we created mathematics, this is something we created from "nothing"(?) in order to explain, rationalise things we observe. Now, how can we assume that the universe is logical, and that it can be explained by mathematical equations that WE create? This is bugging my mind every time I think about it.

We didn't create mathematics, we discovered it.

[deleted]

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#72
post #70
post #37

Earlier quoted context omitted.

"God made the integers, all else is the work of man." -- Leopold Kronecker

If mankind could come up with Math and Physics, it's more likely than mankind made up God too. The modern monotheist God isn't that old ,roughly 3000 years. "History" itself is between 10,000 and 20,000 year old. Gods come and go as men do and undo them.

But the only value in "coming up" with physics is that it corresponds to the external world - that it's not just a game inside our heads. That is, I don't think you can use mankind coming up with physics to support your argument - unless your argument is that mankind's idea of God also corresponds to the reality of what exists outside our heads.

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#73

The first equation on page 8 of the arXiv paper http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.01472 seems strange to me. It looks like saying "function F(t) given by F(t) + Sum(something)." Shouldn't it use ':=' symbol instead of '+', like "F(t) := Sum(something)"? Or maybe this is the case when math notation is so complex that common symbols have completely different meaning?

You are quite correct. (Professional mathematician myself, and indeed a former grad student of Ken Ono, so I have at least a passing familiarity with the subject matter.)

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#74

Both physics and the unreasonable success of math at explaining the world make much more sense if you just assume we are living in a math equation.

What would that even mean though? People throw around these "universe is a computation" ideas without ever making any predictions. Do you think you're living in the matrix? Or do you just think that quantum mechanics can be fully simulated on a classical turing machine? Here is the almighty Scott Aaronson to set us right on the subject: http://www.closertotruth.com/series/the-cosmos-computer#vide... http://www.closer…

More in the vein of Scott Aaronson about complex numbers "emerging"

http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.1267

http://arxiv.org/abs/1404.4084

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#75
post #70

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If mankind could come up with Math and Physics, it's more likely than mankind made up God too. The modern monotheist God isn't that old ,roughly 3000 years. "History" itself is between 10,000 and 20,000 year old. Gods come and go as men do and undo them.

But the only value in "coming up" with physics is that it corresponds to the external world - that it's not just a game inside our heads. That is, I don't think you can use mankind coming up with physics to support your argument - unless your argument is that mankind's idea of God also corresponds to the reality of what exists outside our heads.

My point is mankind can come up with powerful ideas.

> unless your argument is that mankind's idea of God also corresponds to the reality of what exists outside our heads

But all men do not agree on what God is at first place, or whether he exists or not. It doesn't make the idea of god less powerful(that's my point), however if you define "reality" as what men can experience, no men has ever experienced "God" and created a reproducible experiment of God. Therefore "God" cannot be a reality today. God is a philosophical question.

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#76
post #75

Earlier quoted context omitted.

But the only value in "coming up" with physics is that it corresponds to the external world - that it's not just a game inside our heads. That is, I don't think you can use mankind coming up with physics to support your argument - unless your argument is that mankind's idea of God also corresponds to the reality of what exists outside our heads.

My point is mankind can come up with powerful ideas. > unless your argument is that mankind's idea of God also corresponds to the reality of what exists outside our heads But all men do not agree on what God is at first place, or whether he exists or not. It doesn't make the idea of god less powerful(that's my point), however if you define "reality" as what men can experience, no men has ever experienced "God" and cr…

Yes and no. Yes, you can't run an experiment to prove God to five sigma certainty.

No, in that God is not (just) a philosophical question. There is a reality which exists. Either there is a God who actually exists in reality, or there is not. It is a question of what is the truth about what actually exists, not just a philosophical question.

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#77

So I think this is more a philosophical question but ... As humans, we created mathematics, this is something we created from "nothing"(?) in order to explain, rationalise things we observe. Now, how can we assume that the universe is logical, and that it can be explained by mathematical equations that WE create? This is bugging my mind every time I think about it.

Mathematics, in one sense, is an exploration of universal, repeatable, rule-following procedures - if you can't get the same result as me, today, yesterday, and next year, by following my procedure, then whatever my procedure is, it can't be a mathematical one.

Therefore the practice of mathematics can only take place in a universe where universal, repeatable, rule-following procedures are possible. It has effective regularity in the cosmos as a dependency.

Looked at this way, the thing to be surprised at is not so much the effectiveness of mathematics at describing the universe, but the universe's admission of regularity - once that is granted, both mathematics and its effectiveness seem to follow unproblematically, imo.

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#78

Both physics and the unreasonable success of math at explaining the world make much more sense if you just assume we are living in a math equation.

What would that even mean though? People throw around these "universe is a computation" ideas without ever making any predictions. Do you think you're living in the matrix? Or do you just think that quantum mechanics can be fully simulated on a classical turing machine? Here is the almighty Scott Aaronson to set us right on the subject: http://www.closertotruth.com/series/the-cosmos-computer#vide... http://www.closer…

Tangential to the topic but thank you for the closertotruth site reference, looks like an amazing resource.

Re: A mysterious connection between number theory, algebra and string theory?

#80

So I think this is more a philosophical question but ... As humans, we created mathematics, this is something we created from "nothing"(?) in order to explain, rationalise things we observe. Now, how can we assume that the universe is logical, and that it can be explained by mathematical equations that WE create? This is bugging my mind every time I think about it.

You couldn't ever teach general relativity to your dog. It seems absurd to me to think that there is no theory about the world which is unteachable to humans. We're not that different from dogs in the long run.

Perhaps phrased in a more rigorous way, the universe is a spectacularly huge and complex system, and a single human brain is a positively tiny piece of that system, which is very much a part of the system and not external to it. So the question really becomes something like this: to what extent can a tiny little piece of a huge system contain within it a fully functional model of the entire system, which inevitably means it contains a model of itself?

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