After reading the title and the paper's abstract, this seems to me like just one more instance of the many, many statistics that are strongly correlated with overall economic development of a society, and hence strongly correlated with each other without any causal link. In this case, the relevant factors would be "water fluoridation prevalence" and "capacity of doctors to diagnose ADHD", which are both almost certai…
It is naive postulation to dismiss the paper for not addressing a variable, when you have not even read the paper to know whether they addressed the variable. Further, your cursory read of the abstract somehow missed the clause "after controlling for socioeconomic status"
I also suspect that fluoridation does not track with socioeconomic status. I mean, look at how Portland Oregon's got rid of fluoridation.
Nevertheless, reading the article, it does look like they have rat studies that show that fluoride in rats causes mental impariment.