Earlier quoted context omitted.
or these PureScript examples https://gist.github.com/spion/982350f4b3d3464b1870 using the Canvas monad to pre-create a scene and then render it; the DOM monad to construct DOM elements.
So how are errors handled?
You have the option of two monads, Maybe and Either. Usually errors are handled with the Either monad. An operation may either return a result or an error. Together with do syntax the Either monad gives you multiple choices in handling errors.
You can handle every single error explicitly (as in Go) using pattern matching
eitherResultOrError = operation1 arg
case eitherResultOrError of
Left error -> handle error
Right result -> handle' result
let eitherResultOrError = do
x handle error
Right result -> handle' result
For IO operations and other monadic actions, its best to use EitherT, ErrorT or MaybeT, which are monads that can add error handling to any other monad. To understand how these work, its probably best to implement MaybeT. Basically, they add another wrapper to other monads to redefine what the bind operator (`>>=`) does