In the U.S.A. we use the following terms:
Blue collar: an individual whose earnings are derived primarily from physical labor, following someone else's instructions. Blue collar workers are often paid via hourly wages.
Brown collar: a subset of blue collar. The differentiating factor is that these people work outdoors. The brown is often explained by dirt on the collar, but in reality, most people who use this term use it because this type of worker is overwhelmingly likely to be a dark-skinned person.
Khaki collar: a subset of blue collar. Used for military jobs.
White collar: an individual whose earnings are derived primarily from labor requiring specialized knowledge or skills. White collar workers are often paid via weekly salary.
Tailored collar: a subset of white collar, except restricted to executive management, and possibly their immediate subordinates, depending on the size of the business.
Rich: an individual whose earnings are derived primarily from business ownership and investment returns. Rich people may also work in one of the aforementioned categories, but most prefer to enjoy leisure activities, volunteer for charitable causes, manage their own property portfolio, or pursue political goals.
Additionally, we have some terms for class-related nuances.
Ghetto/Barrio/Trailer Trash/Crab Bucket: this person grew up in the lower class, and exhibits many of the negative qualities of people raised in an impoverished, survival-oriented environment. These people are overwhelmingly ignorant of the social norms respected by higher classes.
Trust Fund Baby: this person grew up in the upper class, and exhibits many of the negative qualities of people raised in an affluent, self-realization-oriented environment. These people are overwhelmingly ignorant of the social norms respected by lower classes.
Welfare Queen/Welfare King: this person has no desire to earn their living, and survives primarily on government benefits. Ironically, these people often continue to receive benefits even as people who would rather work than be on the dole are cut off, because they are experts in gaming the bureaucracy.
Beltway Bandit: Welfare Royalty of the incorporated business variety. So named for the Beltway bypass highway around Washington, D.C.
Ivory Tower/Academian: this person was raised to value education above all else, and somehow managed to not learn anything of actual value. Usually white collar, but poor.
Hack: this person only does their job because it pays well. Often compensates for job dissatisfaction and high earned income via conspicuous consumption and being a dick to co-workers.
Wage Slave: contrasts with Hack, in that they are paid only enough to survive and continue working. These people would like to do something else, but cannot afford to support themselves at their preferred job. In the US, this is often someone who would have attended college, but could not afford it. May also be a person who graduated college, but cannot earn enough in their chosen field to pay off their student loans.
Brick/Backroom Boy: this person is absolutely competent and reliable in their job, and perform high-value work, so naturally other people stand on top of them and steal their credit.
Rainmaker: contrasts with Brick, in that they actually get some recognition for the value they produce. Often the top-producing salespeople at a company are recognized as Rainmakers.