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It's hard for two guys in a garage to build a prototype 10X battery or come up with innovative biotechnology.In the early late 1800s and early 1900s, governments and industrial titans around the world were spending unbelievable amounts of resources on what was the hardest problem of their day: human flight. The primary focus of their efforts was increasing engine power. Of course, it must have seemed, only the most powerful entities had any business trying to fly.
Two "guys in a garage" were obsessed with a different approach, which they called solving "the flying problem." To most everyone in the world they must have seemed crazy, like overenthusiastic children who had never grown up.
Guess who won?
Perhaps that's the role YC could fill: to find, inspire and support the Wright brothers of today with just enough resources to keep on going but not enough to change who they are underneath: two guys (or girls) in a metaphorical garage with a crazy obsession.
(The Wright brothers weren't the financial success they should have been, given the magnitude of what they accomplished. YC & the modern Silicon Valley ethic could certainly help in improving that outcome as well. Google is a good analog here).