I liked your article, however, it is not so much the Fourier Transform itself that makes possible all these wonderful applications, but rather the
Fast Fourier Transform, which you fail to mention even once.
The "naive" Fourier Transform has a pleasing mathematical simplicity and makes it very useful for deriving all sorts of theoretical properties for scientific analysis, but in practice it has a computational complexity of O(N^2), that would quickly make all those applications you name in your article utterly infeasible.
Instead, only with the discovery of the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm roughly halfway the 20th century[0], lowered the complexity to a very manageable O(N log N). And only then all these applications and properties of the Fourier Transform came within computational reach. Without the FFT, the Fourier Transform would mostly just be useful on paper for functional analysis and math proofs, things like that, but not in practice and we'd be missing out on all those MP3s, JPGs and speech recognition.
It's definitely not an overstatement when the WP article says: Fast Fourier transforms have been described as "the most important numerical algorithm[s] of our lifetime".
[0] or 1805, depending: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_fourier_transform "The basic ideas were popularized in 1965, but some FFTs had been previously known as early as 1805."