I don't think looking at the language output without tracking the inner state and reward functions is the way to understand what happened (the language also incorporates the randomness in the output generation, if I understand correctly). Would we call bacteria in petri dish a civilization when they show complex behavior and exchange messages/information?
The language input and output is the only channel the agents shared between them. Understanding their internal state is a research question, but the language between them is something that could be read directly. And as it seems to map well with the agents' activities, it does seem quite helpful in understanding what happened. If the bacteria population off someone's petri dish escaped said dish and tried to change t…
Bacteria do all sorts of fascinating things. And much simpler ML etc. systems also (like winning by out of memorying the opponent) - I see nothing really special here.