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Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

actinideinc.com

81–90 of 96 posts

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#81

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>And I thought enriching uranium is something that counties with nukes go to extreme lengths to make it not accessible. It's not that difficult from an engineering perspective, the tech is almost a century old. It's just that we will drop bombs on anyone who tries. Nuclear nonproliferation relies on active enforcement.

> It's just that we will drop bombs on anyone who tries. I don't recall us bombing Pakistan, India, Israel, China, or North Korea. > Nuclear nonproliferation relies on active enforcement. The comedy hour at HN has arrived. See above ^^^

>I don't recall us bombing...China

As far as i know, USA was seriously considering doing this in 1964. However the soviets said that would mean war, so they didn't.

North Korea is so firmly in China and Russia's sphere of influence that bombing them would be hard, especially given how much conventional weapons they have pointed at south korea. That said, would you really want to be north korea? economic warfare has done a number on them. in many ways they are the poster child for nuke != winning.

Israel probably snuck through by doing it early enough and secretively enough that it was fait accompli. They probably tested their nukes before the nuclear non proliferation treaty was even signed.

so really you have india and pakistan. The fact there are so few exceptions kind of proves the system works.

> Nuclear nonproliferation relies on active enforcement.

It relies on getting nukes being an irrational move for most countries. Yes part of that is your enemies will start preventive wars to stop that. A very major part of it is the economic consequences of developing nukes is usually not worth it. Part of it is the smart strategy is to just do most of the work and stop before getting nukes - if shit hits the fan you can get nukes quickly, but going up to the line without crossing it has none of the negative consequences.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#82
post #80
post #17

Earlier quoted context omitted.

IIRC Calutron's were basically abandoned because they were massively inefficient compared to gaseous diffusion and, particularly, centrifuges. What has changed here to make them competitive again? Or are they counting on selling small quantities at close to any cost for R&D reactors? Speaking of which, whatever happened to laser enrichment? That was apparently very promising at some point?

> What has changed here to make them competitive again? The article has to be read carefully. "On Actinide's engineering estimates, a single Fortitude machine would provide roughly half the isotope-separation capacity of the U.S. government's current electromagnetic fleet." The "U.S. government's current electromagnetic fleet" is tiny. Oak Ridge is building a modest plant.[1] Idaho has a benchtop-sized separator. Tha…

A friend of mine was involved with AVLIS and Pu-AVLIS. There were/are significant counterproliferation concerns with them. I'm not sure if that has anything to do with the lack of major commercialization, but I wouldn't find it shocking if it were true. As I understand it, it's one of those technologies that the US doesn't strictly need, but we really don't want the Iranians (or similar weapons-pursuing state) to have it.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#83

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>And I thought enriching uranium is something that counties with nukes go to extreme lengths to make it not accessible. It's not that difficult from an engineering perspective, the tech is almost a century old. It's just that we will drop bombs on anyone who tries. Nuclear nonproliferation relies on active enforcement.

> It's just that we will drop bombs on anyone who tries. I don't recall us bombing Pakistan, India, Israel, China, or North Korea. > Nuclear nonproliferation relies on active enforcement. The comedy hour at HN has arrived. See above ^^^

You argued against your own point beautifully.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#84
post #65

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If we wanted to find out what an LLM thought we'd ask the LLM. Don't be a meat proxy. https://gruhn.me/blog/2026-08-03/

Even if you ignore my LLM numbers, "what percent of a reactor's output must be reinvested to enrich its own fuel?" is a meaningful contribution to the discussion.

But are your numbers reliable? By your own admission you don't know. So you aren't contributing expertise but rather the brief use of a tool that everyone has ready access to and which doesn't necessarily return reliable answers. AKA noise, at least from the perspective of a community like HN.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#85

So this is basically a calutron... a huge mass spectrometer. 1940s technology, upgraded with state-of-the-now control systems, and electromagnets. A formidable engineering work, but more of a breakthrough from legislation and compliance perspective possibly. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calutron

>1940s technology

yes, i'd have expected that laser enrichment would be more preferable technology for modern development

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#86
post #65

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If we wanted to find out what an LLM thought we'd ask the LLM. Don't be a meat proxy. https://gruhn.me/blog/2026-08-03/

Even if you ignore my LLM numbers, "what percent of a reactor's output must be reinvested to enrich its own fuel?" is a meaningful contribution to the discussion.

This site is intended to be a discussion between people. If we wanted to consult some other resource, we would go do that. Injecting unverified information is not a contribution to a discussion between people, especially if it isn't coming from a human source.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#87
post #81

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> It's just that we will drop bombs on anyone who tries. I don't recall us bombing Pakistan, India, Israel, China, or North Korea. > Nuclear nonproliferation relies on active enforcement. The comedy hour at HN has arrived. See above ^^^

>I don't recall us bombing...China As far as i know, USA was seriously considering doing this in 1964. However the soviets said that would mean war, so they didn't. North Korea is so firmly in China and Russia's sphere of influence that bombing them would be hard, especially given how much conventional weapons they have pointed at south korea. That said, would you really want to be north korea? economic warfare has d…

North Korea isn't doing so well, but it's doing better than Iraq, Libya, or Venezuela at least as far as the leadership is concerned. Their conventional forces being within artillery range of Seoul probably helps but having multiple credible nukes really has helped them to avoid being a target of regime change.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#88
post #81

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>I don't recall us bombing...China As far as i know, USA was seriously considering doing this in 1964. However the soviets said that would mean war, so they didn't. North Korea is so firmly in China and Russia's sphere of influence that bombing them would be hard, especially given how much conventional weapons they have pointed at south korea. That said, would you really want to be north korea? economic warfare has d…

North Korea isn't doing so well, but it's doing better than Iraq, Libya, or Venezuela at least as far as the leadership is concerned. Their conventional forces being within artillery range of Seoul probably helps but having multiple credible nukes really has helped them to avoid being a target of regime change.

The US tried regime change in 1950. The issue was that china didn't want an american puppet state on its borders so intervened. That is just as true now as it was 75 years ago.

Iraq, Libya and Venezuela don't have powerful friends willing to go to bat for them.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#89
post #77

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Centrifuge and nuclear technology is not some latest and greatest super complicated and barely understood technology with hard to source components anymore. Old restrictions like ball bearings quality on export and such are basically meaningless today. You can buy common tooling today from China that would trounce anything people were using 60 years ago and nobody has stopped people from studying and researching nucl…

> it is hard to hide the scale of building and power usage from international watchdogs. Because nothing consumes tons of energy and doesn't output tons of product to sell except for nuclear material refinement for weapons. Until datacenters

Just wait, we might well have some sort of AI nonproliferation effort soon enough. I eagerly await any chip under 5 nm being subject to national security regulations.

Re: Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

#90
post #65

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Even if you ignore my LLM numbers, "what percent of a reactor's output must be reinvested to enrich its own fuel?" is a meaningful contribution to the discussion.

But are your numbers reliable? By your own admission you don't know. So you aren't contributing expertise but rather the brief use of a tool that everyone has ready access to and which doesn't necessarily return reliable answers. AKA noise, at least from the perspective of a community like HN.

Relax dude.
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