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AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

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Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#21
post #19
post #6

Seeing a lot of these “run 1TB models with 1GB RAM” projects recently. Most seem vibe coded and probably won’t be maintained. Hoping a winner emerges with some real momentum behind it.

No no, don't just say "vibe coded", say "Fable and $500 of credits"

"This one is made with premium vibes"

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#22
post #4

For anyone wondering “how slow is this?” IIUC, Kimi K3 on RTX 6000 Ada (48GB) takes 292 s/token https://github.com/lyogavin/airllm/releases/tag/v3.1.0

that's 0.003 tokens/second. To get an hour's work done that's normally 30 tokens/second (108k output tokens in an hour) will take 416 days at this rate. And if you're using 100 watts, during that time you will spend $124.61 in electricity, as well as not being able to use your device for something else, plus the noise and heat from your device.

For $124, on Moonshot's official Kimi K3 API rates ($0.30 per 1M cached input, $3 per 1M fresh input, $15 per 1M fresh output), you can purchase 42 million fresh-input tokens, or 8.3 million generated output tokens, in whatever mix you want.

So what you get is 80x more expensive and you wait 416 days to get it.

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#23
post #4

For anyone wondering “how slow is this?” IIUC, Kimi K3 on RTX 6000 Ada (48GB) takes 292 s/token https://github.com/lyogavin/airllm/releases/tag/v3.1.0

I wonder what this measures in J/token.

Assuming 30% gpu power utilization because of all the loading and unloading 29.2 kJ per token

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#24
post #8
post #6

Seeing a lot of these “run 1TB models with 1GB RAM” projects recently. Most seem vibe coded and probably won’t be maintained. Hoping a winner emerges with some real momentum behind it.

You don't really need a maintainer when codex or claude code can set it up for you; thats how I got Trellis2 working on windows and tiny VRAM despite Microsoft recommending you have 24GB VRAM and Linux. Models are pretty disposable now.

This is complete dependency on LLM tools all the way from development to usage, and is risky as well as prone to failure

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#25
post #4

For anyone wondering “how slow is this?” IIUC, Kimi K3 on RTX 6000 Ada (48GB) takes 292 s/token https://github.com/lyogavin/airllm/releases/tag/v3.1.0

Ahaha thank you, I naively assumed the unlabeled graph in the readme was tps, not spt!

Running 292 tps on K3 would make your gpu a money printer.

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#27

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I do think these “run a bigger model than will fit in VRAM” projects are necessary steps, but are they functionally useful or helpful to anyone currently? For example, is anyone out there running a big Qwen for coding on a 16-32GB machine with these techniques?

> but are they functionally useful or helpful to anyone currently? Yes and no, depend on your expectations. Some/many like to run local LLMs just for the sake of it, so anything will do. MoE are useful on PC systems, at the condition of having high enough memory bandwidth (and large amounts of RAM) - that is, Threadripper/Pro. The advantage of MoE is that only a subset of the model's experts is used for each token, s…

Does MoE help with multimodality? Can it in general enable reasoning in imagery (technical drawings, diagrams, schematics) rather than text-based?

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#28

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I do think these “run a bigger model than will fit in VRAM” projects are necessary steps, but are they functionally useful or helpful to anyone currently? For example, is anyone out there running a big Qwen for coding on a 16-32GB machine with these techniques?

> but are they functionally useful or helpful to anyone currently? Yes and no, depend on your expectations. Some/many like to run local LLMs just for the sake of it, so anything will do. MoE are useful on PC systems, at the condition of having high enough memory bandwidth (and large amounts of RAM) - that is, Threadripper/Pro. The advantage of MoE is that only a subset of the model's experts is used for each token, s…

Are people getting decent tokens/second throughput? Some of these demos crawl at 1 tok/s or worse, which limits their utility.

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#29
post #27

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> but are they functionally useful or helpful to anyone currently? Yes and no, depend on your expectations. Some/many like to run local LLMs just for the sake of it, so anything will do. MoE are useful on PC systems, at the condition of having high enough memory bandwidth (and large amounts of RAM) - that is, Threadripper/Pro. The advantage of MoE is that only a subset of the model's experts is used for each token, s…

Does MoE help with multimodality? Can it in general enable reasoning in imagery (technical drawings, diagrams, schematics) rather than text-based?

MoE has nothing to do with multimodality.

MoE is a concept proposed in 1991, before the deep learning era (which is before what I call the transformers era). You can think of it like sharing.

Contrary to popular belief; 'experts' in MoE LLMs do not specialize. There's no expert trained to be good at maths, or python, or writing, or whatever. It's an inference optimization.

As for reasoning in non-text modalities, you might find this paper interesting :) https://huggingface.co/papers/2502.05171

Re: AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU

#30
post #4

For anyone wondering “how slow is this?” IIUC, Kimi K3 on RTX 6000 Ada (48GB) takes 292 s/token https://github.com/lyogavin/airllm/releases/tag/v3.1.0

I do think these “run a bigger model than will fit in VRAM” projects are necessary steps, but are they functionally useful or helpful to anyone currently? For example, is anyone out there running a big Qwen for coding on a 16-32GB machine with these techniques?

If I could justify wear and tear and electricity, I was willing to do something like this for batch processing. The batches would be a bunch of prompts whose outputs I'd look at the next day. Maybe common operations, like QA or refactoring, on whatever software I wrote.

If so, I could use a larger model than I have real-time hardware for. The largest, well-trained models can often get the output mostly right in one try. I also would be using AI's as a supplement to, not replacement for, my own brain. So, issues with the outputs wouldn't be a problem because I'm just keeping what's helpful.

If I still need to re-generate it all, it might still save money over time by avoiding cloud costs. Also, hardware that's already paid for is a sunk cost that doesn't inflate over time. Glitches in loading or destroying VM's might blow up into a big bill.

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