Earlier quoted context omitted.
What is the standard non-renewable resource used for the recovery process? What materials are used up as catalysts to convert it back?
Sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium carbonate. Not catalysts but reagents. Most currently come from fossil fuel feedstock but that isn't essential.
Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
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Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#92Earlier quoted context omitted.
There are other forces besides market prices... regulatory compliance comes to mind..
Or the fact that China is the primary source of lithium and if Chinese car brands start exporting their cars worldwide, there is no reason for them give the raw resources to western car manufacturers, forcing them to buy the whole battery pack from China.
Australia will sell the raw resource ( hard-rock spodumene ) to anyone that wants a X-year contract - it's on them to process the concentrate (although we are currently building out spodumene processing).
Australia has one of the biggest lithium reserves, and is the biggest producer of lithium by weight, with most of its production coming from mines in Western Australia.
~ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_mining_in_AustraliaThere's also Chile:
Lithium mining in Chile is the second largest in the world in terms of extraction after it was surpassed by Australia in 2012. Chile, like Argentina and Bolivia, is located within the Lithium Triangle, an area of South America that houses the largest known reserves of lithium on the planet.
~ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_mining_in_ChileIt might pay to brush up on mineral resources, processing, and global trade patterns before over confidently launching into faux-facts.
Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#93Earlier quoted context omitted.
If you live in Tokyo or Osaka you really shouldn’t own a car
And one of the points that's a little more obvious living here: Japan is a remarkably car centric culture. Not quite to the extent of America, but in much of the country you really do need a car. If anything the main exceptions to that are exactly the places tourists are most likely to go.
Maybe the most clear indication that Japan isn't a car centric culture was the complete lack of FREE parking space.
Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#94Some geopolitical context: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Senkaku_boat_collision_in... https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/comme... Japan was one of the first countries to be hit with rare-earth export-restrictions by China - going back to 2010. It seems that a lot of policy came out from this unpleasant shock, incl. the decision by Toyota to focus on developing FCEVs which would be less depend…
Can I ask your reasoning?
Currently hydrogen is just oil with extra steps. Efficient electrolysis either needs ultra-rare materials like iridium and platinum, or exotic ceramics for continuous high-temperature electrolysis.
I personally can't see how this arrangement can supplant oil and batteries.
Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#95The article is very, very light with details. The university or research center is not named. No scientist is named. No link. Nothing that tells "look, we're telling you real, solid, serious stuff." Here is another article with that details : https://www.techspot.com/news/112051-japan-finds-way-recover...
Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#96Earlier quoted context omitted.
Sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium carbonate. Not catalysts but reagents. Most currently come from fossil fuel feedstock but that isn't essential.
Why would any of those compounds come from fossil fuels? Sulfur is mined, hydrogen peroxide is water with some oxygen taken off, and sodium carbonate is made from salt and limestone
Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#97Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#98according to https://x.com/Mith_/status/2041911606213537971 > The industry standard for the recovery of lithium (remember there is a difference between recovery and extraction) is 90%, with some platforms now achieving 95%+ like those that use carbonation.
Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#99Re: Japan develops a method to recover up to 90% of lithium from used EV batteries
#100“Japan”, as in the whole country developed this tech ?