Earlier quoted context omitted.
How about a third option? The government doesn't bet on anybody and let's the market sort out the winners.
Government doesn't bet than society as a whole loses out. Ideally your government should be attempting to maximize everyone's utility (read:society). Private corporations are attempting to maximize their utility (In the case of modern economies: money). Having an organization giving money to projects that are a net monetary loss, but provide a social benefit is the core reason why we have a government in the first pl…
In the U.S.'s case, our government happens to do much more than this, but this is not the core of why government exists.