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Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

danluu.com

31–40 of 109 posts

Re: Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

#31

I never understood why taxes or similiar absolute points aren't gradients instead.

Why do we have legislated cliffs instead of gradients? Because approximately nobody understands lerp. And linear interpolation is the simplest (nontrivial) gradient scheme. Consequently, we get cliffs or, if we're lucky, lookup tables that approximate gradients with stair-step successions of small cliffs.

Re: Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

#32
> A simple fix for the problems mentioned above would be to have slow phase-outs instead of sharp thresholds.

How about the even simpler fix of not having phase-outs? This generally works: the cost of a subsidy generally does not increase as the recipient pays more taxes, so the higher total tax paid by a higher-income person will easily pay for the cost of a subsidy. And giving higher-income/wealthier people the same subsidies as poor people may help them appreciate the ways in which the subsidies are helpful and the ways in which they suck, which can help the whole system improve.

Re: Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

#35
post #12

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I think because the gradient is simply too confusing for laypeople to understand. Even for a simple system like US social security that has a gradient. For every $2 you make over the limit, you lose $1 in benefits. I've heard countless times misconceptions of people thinking they'd be losing money (as in literally having less money net) by working.

I agree, but almost everyone today can use a computer or smartphone. They can type in their income, and the computer can calculate it, providing them an average number of what their percentage of actual taxable income was- I think Turbo Tax and other software might do something like this. They don't have to understand how it works to do their own taxes.

They may not trust it if they can't understand it.

Re: Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

#36

I never understood why taxes or similiar absolute points aren't gradients instead.

It's especially hard when you have a combination of many government programs at all levels (federal, state, local, many different kinds of taxes, many different kinds of welfare). Even if every individual program uses a gradient, it's still possible that summing all the programs together leads to a >100% effective marginal tax rate.

Re: Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

#37

[ EDIT: Since the undated article is actually from Feb 2020, predating the expansion of federal health insurance subsidies, I withdraw everything I said below. ] ---------------------------------- The opening story is fabricated and/or bullshit. Last year (2025) there was no limit on income for health insurance subsidies. That ended for this year, but last year there would have been no reason for anyone who knew what…

Goes to show that having a creation date placed somewhere near the top of an article or blog post is a good idea.

Re: Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

#38
Indian laws have the same too. For taxation 'surcharge' applied to high income groups, a patchwork called "marginal relief" fixes it [1], however, leaves ranges in income where 100% of incremental income goes away in taxes.

[1] https://cleartax.in/s/marginal-relief-surcharge

Another place where thresholding is misplaced is minors (below the age of 18 years) being subject to different laws (this is for India at least), e.g., seriously different punishments for crimes like homicide or rape. I have heard that crime groups then purposefully involve minors, push the blames on them if caught, and effectively get away for much less.

Re: Suspicious Discontinuities (2020)

#40

I never understood why taxes or similiar absolute points aren't gradients instead.

I was surprised to see the "Big Beautiful Bill" tax incentive for financing a new US-made car had a gradual phase out above $100,000, although it's implemented as a step function instead of a linear one.
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