We got hit with a huge wave recently, that sent over 40,000 visits a day to our site and nearly ground it to a halt. The number 1 effective thing we have found to do is to not allow hyperlinks to be posted if they are not trusted (not enough rep/point/score whatever) Overnight it basically stopped the spam wave. Your removing the one thing of value for them, a hyperlink. I'm a big fan of accessibility and this works…
Each comment has exactly one pair of transposed letters. There is no product being pitched, and no url (we don't display or link to email address either). It's baffling.